Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    16 Shall we sit down?
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    20 It feels great!
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    1 What are you watching?
    9 Is this your first time here?
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    8 We met several times.
    2 Take a look at this!
    18 There's no need to worry.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    19 That sounds interesting.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    6 Will you be there?
    1 Are you hungry?
    3 Can they help us?
    7 Do they agree?
    5 Is she coming too?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    10 Am I right?
    8 Should I tell her?
    2 Does he know?
    4 Have you got any money?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    11 He's got no children.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    10 We got there at seven.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    3 246 people
    2 He was 52nd.
    5 4.6,000,000
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    9 in the year 2015
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    4 3,500
    11 bus number 102
    7 35,785
    8 9,756,004
    10 in the 1980s
    12 phone number 670098883
    6 0.05 seconds

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    7 What did they want? more money
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    13 When did you see him? last week
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    11 Were there any problems? lots of

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    6 There's too much water.
    8 There were more people.
    2 She should tell them.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    1 He speaks English.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    9 They could help us.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    8 our dog, not eat that
    9 he, not like the food
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    1 he, speak about it
    5 I, give him, the money
    2 my parents, know
    3 she, send us, messages
    6 she, sit between us
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    7 we, spend weekends abroad

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    2 Bob is trying hard.
    5 School is beginning.
    6 He's coming.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    3 It's snowing.
    4 She's making dinner.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    1 She's feeling good.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    2 They love to sing.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    3 Music started to play.
    4 He continued to read.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    1 He likes to play games.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    12 Go down this road.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    2 You are among friends.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    3 It's just around the corner.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    4 I tried it many/much times.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    15 Stop fun of me!
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    14 He it to her happy.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    4 You should your homework now.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    6 Do you any sports?
    8 How much money does he ?
    5 I need to a phone call.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    8 I'll come time.
    9 Nobody knows that.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    1 Why do you need car?
    4 What things do you like?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    3 What will you need?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    2 What do people think?
    6 We will find some place.

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    6 Ideš s nami?
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.