Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    12 She never speaks to me.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    1 What are you watching?
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    8 We met several times.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    2 Take a look at this!
    20 It feels great!
    10 What time does your plane land?
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    16 Shall we sit down?

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    1 Are you hungry?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    7 Do they agree?
    2 Does he know?
    6 Will you be there?
    4 Have you got any money?
    5 Is she coming too?
    3 Can they help us?
    10 Am I right?
    8 Should I tell her?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    8 She's afraid of flying.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    11 He's got no children.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    10 We got there at seven.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    11 bus number 102
    10 in the 1980s
    12 phone number 670098883
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    7 35,785
    6 0.05 seconds
    3 246 people
    4 3,500
    5 4.6,000,000
    9 in the year 2015
    8 9,756,004
    2 He was 52nd.

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    13 When did you see him? last week
    7 What did they want? more money
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    11 Were there any problems? lots of

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    1 He speaks English.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    2 She should tell them.
    8 There were more people.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    9 They could help us.
    6 There's too much water.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    6 she, sit between us
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    1 he, speak about it
    3 she, send us, messages
    9 he, not like the food
    8 our dog, not eat that
    5 I, give him, the money
    2 my parents, know

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    2 Bob is trying hard.
    4 She's making dinner.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    1 She's feeling good.
    3 It's snowing.
    6 He's coming.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    5 School is beginning.
    10 I'm drinking beer.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    4 He continued to read.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    1 He likes to play games.
    3 Music started to play.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    2 They love to sing.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    12 Go down this road.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    2 You are among friends.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    3 There will be many/much people.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    6 That's too much/many money.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    8 How much money does he ?
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    4 You should your homework now.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    14 He it to her happy.
    6 Do you any sports?
    15 Stop fun of me!
    3 She's dinner just now.
    1 You are a big mistake!

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    6 We will find some place.
    1 Why do you need car?
    2 What do people think?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    8 I'll come time.
    4 What things do you like?
    3 What will you need?

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.