Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    9 Is this your first time here?
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    20 It feels great!
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    1 What are you watching?
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    8 We met several times.
    2 Take a look at this!
    12 She never speaks to me.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    13 Let's go shopping!

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    9 Could he do it for us?
    5 Is she coming too?
    2 Does he know?
    6 Will you be there?
    1 Are you hungry?
    3 Can they help us?
    4 Have you got any money?
    7 Do they agree?
    8 Should I tell her?
    10 Am I right?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    12 It's going to take a week.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    10 We got there at seven.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    11 He's got no children.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    2 Frank is coming too.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    9 in the year 2015
    4 3,500
    3 246 people
    2 He was 52nd.
    11 bus number 102
    7 35,785
    8 9,756,004
    6 0.05 seconds
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    12 phone number 670098883
    10 in the 1980s
    5 4.6,000,000

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    7 What did they want? more money
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    13 When did you see him? last week
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    10 Did you have a good time? great time

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    8 There were more people.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    6 There's too much water.
    1 He speaks English.
    9 They could help us.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    2 She should tell them.
    10 We'll be able to come.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    2 my parents, know
    8 our dog, not eat that
    3 she, send us, messages
    6 she, sit between us
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    5 I, give him, the money
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    1 he, speak about it
    9 he, not like the food

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    3 It's snowing.
    4 She's making dinner.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    1 She's feeling good.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    5 School is beginning.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    6 He's coming.
    7 She's sleeping late.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    4 He continued to read.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    1 He likes to play games.
    2 They love to sing.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    3 Music started to play.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    12 Go down this road.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    2 You are among friends.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • e No, I won't be able to.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    4 I tried it many/much times.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    5 I need to a phone call.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    3 She's dinner just now.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    4 You should your homework now.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    6 Do you any sports?
    15 Stop fun of me!
    1 You are a big mistake!
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    14 He it to her happy.
    8 How much money does he ?
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    5 Let's go somewhere .
    1 Why do you need car?
    6 We will find some place.
    8 I'll come time.
    9 Nobody knows that.
    3 What will you need?
    4 What things do you like?
    2 What do people think?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    17 Museli sme čakať.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.