Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    2 Take a look at this!
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    20 It feels great!
    1 What are you watching?
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    9 Is this your first time here?
    8 We met several times.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    16 Shall we sit down?
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    18 There's no need to worry.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    3 Can they help us?
    2 Does he know?
    6 Will you be there?
    7 Do they agree?
    5 Is she coming too?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    10 Am I right?
    8 Should I tell her?
    1 Are you hungry?
    4 Have you got any money?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    11 He's got no children.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    10 We got there at seven.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    1 on May 1st and 26th
    8 9,756,004
    11 bus number 102
    5 4.6,000,000
    12 phone number 670098883
    4 3,500
    6 0.05 seconds
    10 in the 1980s
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    9 in the year 2015
    2 He was 52nd.
    7 35,785
    3 246 people

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    7 What did they want? more money
    13 When did you see him? last week
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    1 He speaks English.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    6 There's too much water.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    8 There were more people.
    2 She should tell them.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    9 They could help us.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    10 the car, be, not expensive
    1 he, speak about it
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    8 our dog, not eat that
    2 my parents, know
    3 she, send us, messages
    6 she, sit between us
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    5 I, give him, the money
    9 he, not like the food

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    1 She's feeling good.
    6 He's coming.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    3 It's snowing.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    5 School is beginning.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    4 She's making dinner.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    1 He likes to play games.
    2 They love to sing.
    3 Music started to play.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    4 He continued to read.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    2 You are among friends.
    12 Go down this road.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • b We met on the bus.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    17 He should get other/another chance.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    3 There will be many/much people.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    1 How many/much will it cost?

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    4 You should your homework now.
    6 Do you any sports?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    8 How much money does he ?
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    5 I need to a phone call.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    14 He it to her happy.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    8 I'll come time.
    2 What do people think?
    6 We will find some place.
    4 What things do you like?
    1 Why do you need car?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    9 Nobody knows that.
    3 What will you need?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    17 Museli sme čakať.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.