Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    16 Shall we sit down?
    12 She never speaks to me.
    1 What are you watching?
    13 Let's go shopping!
    9 Is this your first time here?
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    20 It feels great!
    8 We met several times.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    2 Take a look at this!
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    10 What time does your plane land?

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    2 Does he know?
    10 Am I right?
    6 Will you be there?
    4 Have you got any money?
    7 Do they agree?
    8 Should I tell her?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    5 Is she coming too?
    1 Are you hungry?
    3 Can they help us?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    8 She's afraid of flying.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    10 We got there at seven.
    11 He's got no children.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    2 Frank is coming too.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    4 3,500
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    5 4.6,000,000
    3 246 people
    8 9,756,004
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    7 35,785
    9 in the year 2015
    11 bus number 102
    12 phone number 670098883
    2 He was 52nd.
    6 0.05 seconds
    10 in the 1980s

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    7 What did they want? more money
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    13 When did you see him? last week

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    8 There were more people.
    6 There's too much water.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    9 They could help us.
    1 He speaks English.
    2 She should tell them.
    10 We'll be able to come.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    9 he, not like the food
    5 I, give him, the money
    2 my parents, know
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    6 she, sit between us
    1 he, speak about it
    8 our dog, not eat that
    3 she, send us, messages
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    10 the car, be, not expensive

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    7 She's sleeping late.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    5 School is beginning.
    6 He's coming.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    4 She's making dinner.
    3 It's snowing.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    1 She's feeling good.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    8 It will be hard to solve.
    1 He likes to play games.
    4 He continued to read.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    3 Music started to play.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    2 They love to sing.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    12 Go down this road.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    2 You are among friends.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    9 It should take only little/few time.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    6 Do you any sports?
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    8 How much money does he ?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    4 You should your homework now.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    1 You are a big mistake!
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    14 He it to her happy.
    3 She's dinner just now.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    2 What do people think?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    4 What things do you like?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    6 We will find some place.
    3 What will you need?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    1 Why do you need car?
    8 I'll come time.

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    6 Ideš s nami?
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    1 Kde si včera bol?

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.