Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 9404

    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    8 We met several times.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    9 Is this your first time here?
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    10 What time does your plane land?
    12 She never speaks to me.
    1 What are you watching?
    18 There's no need to worry.
    2 Take a look at this!
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    20 It feels great!

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    9 Could he do it for us?
    5 Is she coming too?
    7 Do they agree?
    1 Are you hungry?
    2 Does he know?
    8 Should I tell her?
    10 Am I right?
    6 Will you be there?
    4 Have you got any money?
    3 Can they help us?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    3 They're going to arrange it.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    10 We got there at seven.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    11 He's got no children.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    6 Only ten people came there.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    6 0.05 seconds
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    2 He was 52nd.
    7 35,785
    9 in the year 2015
    3 246 people
    11 bus number 102
    8 9,756,004
    4 3,500
    10 in the 1980s
    12 phone number 670098883
    5 4.6,000,000
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    13 When did you see him? last week
    7 What did they want? more money
    9 What did you drink? only tea

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    9 They could help us.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    1 He speaks English.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    2 She should tell them.
    8 There were more people.
    6 There's too much water.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    1 he, speak about it
    9 he, not like the food
    2 my parents, know
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    3 she, send us, messages
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    5 I, give him, the money
    8 our dog, not eat that
    6 she, sit between us

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    6 He's coming.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    3 It's snowing.
    5 School is beginning.
    4 She's making dinner.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    1 She's feeling good.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    8 It will be hard to solve.
    3 Music started to play.
    2 They love to sing.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    1 He likes to play games.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    4 He continued to read.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    12 I can remember that he told her.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    12 Go down this road.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    2 You are among friends.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    5 I need to a phone call.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    4 You should your homework now.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    8 How much money does he ?
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    3 She's dinner just now.
    6 Do you any sports?
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    15 Stop fun of me!
    14 He it to her happy.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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  • 9438

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    9 Nobody knows that.
    2 What do people think?
    4 What things do you like?
    6 We will find some place.
    3 What will you need?
    1 Why do you need car?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    8 I'll come time.

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    10 Koľko to stojí?
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.