Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    14 She keeps talking about it.
    2 Take a look at this!
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    13 Let's go shopping!
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    20 It feels great!
    8 We met several times.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    1 What are you watching?
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    10 What time does your plane land?

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    2 Does he know?
    1 Are you hungry?
    6 Will you be there?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    8 Should I tell her?
    4 Have you got any money?
    3 Can they help us?
    7 Do they agree?
    5 Is she coming too?
    10 Am I right?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    1 I'm watching the news.
    10 We got there at seven.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    11 He's got no children.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    2 He was 52nd.
    12 phone number 670098883
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    7 35,785
    11 bus number 102
    3 246 people
    10 in the 1980s
    9 in the year 2015
    4 3,500
    5 4.6,000,000
    8 9,756,004
    6 0.05 seconds

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    7 What did they want? more money
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    13 When did you see him? last week
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    9 They could help us.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    2 She should tell them.
    6 There's too much water.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    1 He speaks English.
    8 There were more people.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    10 We'll be able to come.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    8 our dog, not eat that
    3 she, send us, messages
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    1 he, speak about it
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    5 I, give him, the money
    2 my parents, know
    9 he, not like the food
    6 she, sit between us

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    3 It's snowing.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    1 She's feeling good.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    5 School is beginning.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    4 She's making dinner.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    6 He's coming.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    5 We love it when we go out.
    3 Music started to play.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    1 He likes to play games.
    2 They love to sing.
    4 He continued to read.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    12 Go down this road.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    3 It's just around the corner.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    2 You are among friends.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    9 It should take only little/few time.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    3 There will be many/much people.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    15 Stop fun of me!
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    6 Do you any sports?
    14 He it to her happy.
    4 You should your homework now.
    8 How much money does he ?
    5 I need to a phone call.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    5 Let's go somewhere .
    1 Why do you need car?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    3 What will you need?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    6 We will find some place.
    8 I'll come time.
    2 What do people think?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    4 What things do you like?

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.