Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    4 She knew nothing about it.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    2 Take a look at this!
    1 What are you watching?
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    8 We met several times.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    9 Is this your first time here?
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    20 It feels great!
    13 Let's go shopping!
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    1 Are you hungry?
    8 Should I tell her?
    4 Have you got any money?
    10 Am I right?
    2 Does he know?
    6 Will you be there?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    7 Do they agree?
    5 Is she coming too?
    3 Can they help us?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    12 It's going to take a week.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    10 We got there at seven.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    11 He's got no children.
    3 They're going to arrange it.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    6 0.05 seconds
    11 bus number 102
    2 He was 52nd.
    7 35,785
    4 3,500
    8 9,756,004
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    10 in the 1980s
    5 4.6,000,000
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    12 phone number 670098883
    9 in the year 2015
    3 246 people

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    13 When did you see him? last week
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    7 What did they want? more money
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    2 She should tell them.
    1 He speaks English.
    6 There's too much water.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    9 They could help us.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    8 There were more people.
    10 We'll be able to come.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    4 we, meet, on the bus
    8 our dog, not eat that
    2 my parents, know
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    5 I, give him, the money
    1 he, speak about it
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    6 she, sit between us
    3 she, send us, messages
    9 he, not like the food

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    7 She's sleeping late.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    3 It's snowing.
    1 She's feeling good.
    5 School is beginning.
    6 He's coming.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    4 She's making dinner.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    2 They love to sing.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    1 He likes to play games.
    4 He continued to read.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    3 Music started to play.
    5 We love it when we go out.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    2 You are among friends.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    12 Go down this road.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    6 That's too much/many money.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    3 There will be many/much people.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    5 I need to a phone call.
    8 How much money does he ?
    15 Stop fun of me!
    14 He it to her happy.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    6 Do you any sports?
    3 She's dinner just now.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    4 You should your homework now.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    6 We will find some place.
    2 What do people think?
    1 Why do you need car?
    3 What will you need?
    8 I'll come time.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    4 What things do you like?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    9 Nobody knows that.

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    17 Museli sme čakať.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.