Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    2 Take a look at this!
    9 Is this your first time here?
    1 What are you watching?
    16 Shall we sit down?
    18 There's no need to worry.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    20 It feels great!
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    8 We met several times.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    12 She never speaks to me.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    6 Will you be there?
    10 Am I right?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    3 Can they help us?
    5 Is she coming too?
    4 Have you got any money?
    1 Are you hungry?
    2 Does he know?
    8 Should I tell her?
    7 Do they agree?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    10 We got there at seven.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    11 He's got no children.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    12 It's going to take a week.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    11 bus number 102
    2 He was 52nd.
    7 35,785
    8 9,756,004
    5 4.6,000,000
    3 246 people
    9 in the year 2015
    10 in the 1980s
    4 3,500
    6 0.05 seconds
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    12 phone number 670098883

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    13 When did you see him? last week
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    7 What did they want? more money
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    3 I'm going to tell him.
    6 There's too much water.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    1 He speaks English.
    8 There were more people.
    9 They could help us.
    2 She should tell them.
    4 You should eat less meat.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    3 she, send us, messages
    2 my parents, know
    6 she, sit between us
    9 he, not like the food
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    1 he, speak about it
    8 our dog, not eat that
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    5 I, give him, the money

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    2 Bob is trying hard.
    6 He's coming.
    5 School is beginning.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    3 It's snowing.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    4 She's making dinner.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    1 She's feeling good.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    5 We love it when we go out.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    2 They love to sing.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    3 Music started to play.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    1 He likes to play games.
    4 He continued to read.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    12 Go down this road.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    2 You are among friends.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • j No, he's an only child.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    12 I speak very little/few English.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    14 He it to her happy.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    5 I need to a phone call.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    6 Do you any sports?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    4 You should your homework now.
    8 How much money does he ?
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    8 I'll come time.
    6 We will find some place.
    9 Nobody knows that.
    1 Why do you need car?
    4 What things do you like?
    3 What will you need?
    2 What do people think?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    6 Ideš s nami?
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.