Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    12 She never speaks to me.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    20 It feels great!
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    16 Shall we sit down?
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    1 What are you watching?
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    8 We met several times.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    2 Take a look at this!

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    8 Should I tell her?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    5 Is she coming too?
    4 Have you got any money?
    1 Are you hungry?
    6 Will you be there?
    7 Do they agree?
    3 Can they help us?
    2 Does he know?
    10 Am I right?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    8 She's afraid of flying.
    11 He's got no children.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    10 We got there at seven.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    2 Frank is coming too.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    1 on May 1st and 26th
    8 9,756,004
    2 He was 52nd.
    7 35,785
    9 in the year 2015
    10 in the 1980s
    3 246 people
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    6 0.05 seconds
    11 bus number 102
    4 3,500
    12 phone number 670098883
    5 4.6,000,000

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    7 What did they want? more money
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    13 When did you see him? last week
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    4 You should eat less meat.
    2 She should tell them.
    6 There's too much water.
    9 They could help us.
    8 There were more people.
    1 He speaks English.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    3 I'm going to tell him.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    10 the car, be, not expensive
    3 she, send us, messages
    2 my parents, know
    5 I, give him, the money
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    8 our dog, not eat that
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    6 she, sit between us
    9 he, not like the food
    1 he, speak about it

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    4 She's making dinner.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    5 School is beginning.
    1 She's feeling good.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    3 It's snowing.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    6 He's coming.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    3 Music started to play.
    1 He likes to play games.
    4 He continued to read.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    2 They love to sing.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    2 You are among friends.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    12 Go down this road.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • c She had to go to work.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • j No, he's an only child.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    12 I speak very little/few English.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    4 I tried it many/much times.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    1 You are a big mistake!
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    15 Stop fun of me!
    5 I need to a phone call.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    6 Do you any sports?
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    8 How much money does he ?
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    4 You should your homework now.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    14 He it to her happy.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    1 Why do you need car?
    3 What will you need?
    8 I'll come time.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    6 We will find some place.
    2 What do people think?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    4 What things do you like?

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.