Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    12 She never speaks to me.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    20 It feels great!
    16 Shall we sit down?
    8 We met several times.
    2 Take a look at this!
    1 What are you watching?
    13 Let's go shopping!

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    10 Am I right?
    5 Is she coming too?
    1 Are you hungry?
    8 Should I tell her?
    6 Will you be there?
    7 Do they agree?
    3 Can they help us?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    4 Have you got any money?
    2 Does he know?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    11 He's got no children.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    10 We got there at seven.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    9 in the year 2015
    3 246 people
    8 9,756,004
    2 He was 52nd.
    5 4.6,000,000
    4 3,500
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    12 phone number 670098883
    10 in the 1980s
    7 35,785
    6 0.05 seconds
    11 bus number 102

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    7 What did they want? more money
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    13 When did you see him? last week
    10 Did you have a good time? great time

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    8 There were more people.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    1 He speaks English.
    2 She should tell them.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    6 There's too much water.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    9 They could help us.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    8 our dog, not eat that
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    3 she, send us, messages
    2 my parents, know
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    6 she, sit between us
    1 he, speak about it
    5 I, give him, the money
    9 he, not like the food
    4 we, meet, on the bus

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    10 I'm drinking beer.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    4 She's making dinner.
    5 School is beginning.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    6 He's coming.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    1 She's feeling good.
    3 It's snowing.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    3 Music started to play.
    2 They love to sing.
    4 He continued to read.
    1 He likes to play games.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    12 I can remember that he told her.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    3 It's just around the corner.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    12 Go down this road.
    2 You are among friends.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • j No, he's an only child.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    9 It should take only little/few time.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    17 He should get other/another chance.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    15 Stop fun of me!
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    6 Do you any sports?
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    14 He it to her happy.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    8 How much money does he ?
    4 You should your homework now.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    1 You are a big mistake!
    5 I need to a phone call.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    2 What do people think?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    1 Why do you need car?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    4 What things do you like?
    6 We will find some place.
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    9 Nobody knows that.
    3 What will you need?
    8 I'll come time.

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.