Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    2 Take a look at this!
    8 We met several times.
    20 It feels great!
    16 Shall we sit down?
    9 Is this your first time here?
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    1 What are you watching?
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    18 There's no need to worry.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    4 Have you got any money?
    6 Will you be there?
    10 Am I right?
    2 Does he know?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    1 Are you hungry?
    3 Can they help us?
    7 Do they agree?
    5 Is she coming too?
    8 Should I tell her?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    9 He goes there twice a week.
    11 He's got no children.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    10 We got there at seven.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    8 She's afraid of flying.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    12 phone number 670098883
    6 0.05 seconds
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    7 35,785
    10 in the 1980s
    2 He was 52nd.
    9 in the year 2015
    11 bus number 102
    5 4.6,000,000
    8 9,756,004
    4 3,500
    3 246 people

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    7 What did they want? more money
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    13 When did you see him? last week
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    12 What did she tell you? nothing

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    2 She should tell them.
    8 There were more people.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    6 There's too much water.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    1 He speaks English.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    9 They could help us.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    3 she, send us, messages
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    1 he, speak about it
    9 he, not like the food
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    2 my parents, know
    5 I, give him, the money
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    8 our dog, not eat that
    6 she, sit between us

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    5 School is beginning.
    4 She's making dinner.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    1 She's feeling good.
    6 He's coming.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    3 It's snowing.
    10 I'm drinking beer.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    2 They love to sing.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    1 He likes to play games.
    4 He continued to read.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    3 Music started to play.
    12 I can remember that he told her.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    3 It's just around the corner.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    2 You are among friends.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    12 Go down this road.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    6 That's too much/many money.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    8 How much money does he ?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    6 Do you any sports?
    5 I need to a phone call.
    4 You should your homework now.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    1 You are a big mistake!
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    14 He it to her happy.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    3 She's dinner just now.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    9 Nobody knows that.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    3 What will you need?
    1 Why do you need car?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    6 We will find some place.
    4 What things do you like?
    2 What do people think?
    8 I'll come time.

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    17 Museli sme čakať.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.