Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    19 That sounds interesting.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    1 What are you watching?
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    8 We met several times.
    20 It feels great!
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    2 Take a look at this!
    4 She knew nothing about it.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    7 Do they agree?
    2 Does he know?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    10 Am I right?
    5 Is she coming too?
    3 Can they help us?
    4 Have you got any money?
    6 Will you be there?
    8 Should I tell her?
    1 Are you hungry?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    9 He goes there twice a week.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    10 We got there at seven.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    11 He's got no children.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    3 They're going to arrange it.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    6 0.05 seconds
    4 3,500
    11 bus number 102
    5 4.6,000,000
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    3 246 people
    12 phone number 670098883
    7 35,785
    10 in the 1980s
    2 He was 52nd.
    8 9,756,004
    9 in the year 2015

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    13 When did you see him? last week
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    7 What did they want? more money
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    6 There's too much water.
    2 She should tell them.
    8 There were more people.
    9 They could help us.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    1 He speaks English.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    8 our dog, not eat that
    3 she, send us, messages
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    1 he, speak about it
    2 my parents, know
    5 I, give him, the money
    6 she, sit between us
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    9 he, not like the food

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    5 School is beginning.
    4 She's making dinner.
    6 He's coming.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    3 It's snowing.
    1 She's feeling good.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    1 He likes to play games.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    2 They love to sing.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    4 He continued to read.
    3 Music started to play.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    2 You are among friends.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    12 Go down this road.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    10 I'm ready for anything.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    17 He should get other/another chance.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    6 That's too much/many money.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    8 How much money does he ?
    15 Stop fun of me!
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    6 Do you any sports?
    14 He it to her happy.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    5 I need to a phone call.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    4 You should your homework now.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    8 I'll come time.
    2 What do people think?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    3 What will you need?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    9 Nobody knows that.
    1 Why do you need car?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    4 What things do you like?
    6 We will find some place.

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    6 Ideš s nami?

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.