Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    18 There's no need to worry.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    1 What are you watching?
    10 What time does your plane land?
    13 Let's go shopping!
    20 It feels great!
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    2 Take a look at this!
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    8 We met several times.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    3 Tell him not to buy it.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    3 Can they help us?
    1 Are you hungry?
    6 Will you be there?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    4 Have you got any money?
    5 Is she coming too?
    8 Should I tell her?
    10 Am I right?
    2 Does he know?
    7 Do they agree?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    12 It's going to take a week.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    10 We got there at seven.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    11 He's got no children.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    11 bus number 102
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    8 9,756,004
    2 He was 52nd.
    9 in the year 2015
    7 35,785
    12 phone number 670098883
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    6 0.05 seconds
    3 246 people
    4 3,500
    5 4.6,000,000
    10 in the 1980s

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    7 What did they want? more money
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    13 When did you see him? last week
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    9 They could help us.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    6 There's too much water.
    8 There were more people.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    2 She should tell them.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    1 He speaks English.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    1 he, speak about it
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    2 my parents, know
    5 I, give him, the money
    3 she, send us, messages
    6 she, sit between us
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    8 our dog, not eat that
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    9 he, not like the food

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    5 School is beginning.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    1 She's feeling good.
    3 It's snowing.
    6 He's coming.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    4 She's making dinner.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    12 I can remember that he told her.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    4 He continued to read.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    1 He likes to play games.
    2 They love to sing.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    3 Music started to play.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    3 It's just around the corner.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    12 Go down this road.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    2 You are among friends.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • b We met on the bus.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    5 I need to a phone call.
    8 How much money does he ?
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    6 Do you any sports?
    1 You are a big mistake!
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    14 He it to her happy.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    4 You should your homework now.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    8 I'll come time.
    3 What will you need?
    2 What do people think?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    1 Why do you need car?
    4 What things do you like?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    6 We will find some place.
    5 Let's go somewhere .

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    6 Ideš s nami?
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.