Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    16 Shall we sit down?
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    2 Take a look at this!
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    20 It feels great!
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    8 We met several times.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    1 What are you watching?
    19 That sounds interesting.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    5 Is she coming too?
    1 Are you hungry?
    10 Am I right?
    8 Should I tell her?
    4 Have you got any money?
    7 Do they agree?
    2 Does he know?
    6 Will you be there?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    3 Can they help us?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    9 He goes there twice a week.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    11 He's got no children.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    10 We got there at seven.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    11 bus number 102
    5 4.6,000,000
    12 phone number 670098883
    7 35,785
    6 0.05 seconds
    8 9,756,004
    10 in the 1980s
    2 He was 52nd.
    4 3,500
    3 246 people
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    9 in the year 2015

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    13 When did you see him? last week
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    7 What did they want? more money
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    6 There's too much water.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    8 There were more people.
    9 They could help us.
    2 She should tell them.
    1 He speaks English.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    10 the car, be, not expensive
    6 she, sit between us
    2 my parents, know
    9 he, not like the food
    8 our dog, not eat that
    5 I, give him, the money
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    3 she, send us, messages
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    1 he, speak about it

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    4 She's making dinner.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    6 He's coming.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    5 School is beginning.
    3 It's snowing.
    1 She's feeling good.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    7 It should be easy to repair.
    4 He continued to read.
    1 He likes to play games.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    3 Music started to play.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    2 They love to sing.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    2 You are among friends.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    5 The worst is behind us.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    3 It's just around the corner.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    12 Go down this road.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    16 It'll be many/much better.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    5 I need to a phone call.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    6 Do you any sports?
    14 He it to her happy.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    4 You should your homework now.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    8 How much money does he ?
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    3 What will you need?
    1 Why do you need car?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    4 What things do you like?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    6 We will find some place.
    2 What do people think?
    8 I'll come time.

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.