Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    20 It feels great!
    19 That sounds interesting.
    1 What are you watching?
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    9 Is this your first time here?
    8 We met several times.
    2 Take a look at this!
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    13 Let's go shopping!

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    8 Should I tell her?
    10 Am I right?
    3 Can they help us?
    2 Does he know?
    6 Will you be there?
    7 Do they agree?
    4 Have you got any money?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    5 Is she coming too?
    1 Are you hungry?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    11 He's got no children.
    10 We got there at seven.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    8 She's afraid of flying.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    11 bus number 102
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    5 4.6,000,000
    12 phone number 670098883
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    3 246 people
    6 0.05 seconds
    8 9,756,004
    7 35,785
    9 in the year 2015
    4 3,500
    2 He was 52nd.
    10 in the 1980s

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    13 When did you see him? last week
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    7 What did they want? more money
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    10 We'll be able to come.
    8 There were more people.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    9 They could help us.
    1 He speaks English.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    6 There's too much water.
    2 She should tell them.
    4 You should eat less meat.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    6 she, sit between us
    1 he, speak about it
    9 he, not like the food
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    5 I, give him, the money
    2 my parents, know
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    3 she, send us, messages
    8 our dog, not eat that

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    4 She's making dinner.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    5 School is beginning.
    3 It's snowing.
    1 She's feeling good.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    6 He's coming.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    2 Bob is trying hard.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    5 We love it when we go out.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    1 He likes to play games.
    2 They love to sing.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    3 Music started to play.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    4 He continued to read.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    2 You are among friends.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    12 Go down this road.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • b We met on the bus.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    16 It'll be many/much better.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    14 He it to her happy.
    6 Do you any sports?
    4 You should your homework now.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    15 Stop fun of me!
    1 You are a big mistake!
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    3 She's dinner just now.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    8 How much money does he ?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    1 Why do you need car?
    3 What will you need?
    8 I'll come time.
    9 Nobody knows that.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    6 We will find some place.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    2 What do people think?
    4 What things do you like?

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    12 Idem nakupovať.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.