Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 9404

    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    15 He doesn't care about her.
    8 We met several times.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    18 There's no need to worry.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    2 Take a look at this!
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    1 What are you watching?
    19 That sounds interesting.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    20 It feels great!
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    14 She keeps talking about it.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    5 Is she coming too?
    4 Have you got any money?
    2 Does he know?
    1 Are you hungry?
    6 Will you be there?
    10 Am I right?
    7 Do they agree?
    8 Should I tell her?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    3 Can they help us?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    9 He goes there twice a week.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    11 He's got no children.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    10 We got there at seven.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    5 4.6,000,000
    9 in the year 2015
    7 35,785
    4 3,500
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    12 phone number 670098883
    10 in the 1980s
    2 He was 52nd.
    6 0.05 seconds
    11 bus number 102
    8 9,756,004
    3 246 people
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    13 When did you see him? last week
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    7 What did they want? more money

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    3 I'm going to tell him.
    2 She should tell them.
    8 There were more people.
    6 There's too much water.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    9 They could help us.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    1 He speaks English.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    6 she, sit between us
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    3 she, send us, messages
    8 our dog, not eat that
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    2 my parents, know
    5 I, give him, the money
    1 he, speak about it
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    9 he, not like the food

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    2 Bob is trying hard.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    1 She's feeling good.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    4 She's making dinner.
    5 School is beginning.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    6 He's coming.
    3 It's snowing.
    7 She's sleeping late.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    4 He continued to read.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    3 Music started to play.
    2 They love to sing.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    1 He likes to play games.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    5 The worst is behind us.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    12 Go down this road.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    2 You are among friends.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    12 I speak very little/few English.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    6 That's too much/many money.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    9 Please let me know as as possible!

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    1 You are a big mistake!
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    8 How much money does he ?
    4 You should your homework now.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    14 He it to her happy.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    6 Do you any sports?
    15 Stop fun of me!
    3 She's dinner just now.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    6 We will find some place.
    9 Nobody knows that.
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    4 What things do you like?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    3 What will you need?
    1 Why do you need car?
    8 I'll come time.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    2 What do people think?

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    6 Ideš s nami?
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.