Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    20 It feels great!
    16 Shall we sit down?
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    2 Take a look at this!
    9 Is this your first time here?
    18 There's no need to worry.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    12 She never speaks to me.
    1 What are you watching?
    8 We met several times.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    6 Will you be there?
    8 Should I tell her?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    4 Have you got any money?
    7 Do they agree?
    5 Is she coming too?
    3 Can they help us?
    10 Am I right?
    2 Does he know?
    1 Are you hungry?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    2 Frank is coming too.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    10 We got there at seven.
    11 He's got no children.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    2 He was 52nd.
    5 4.6,000,000
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    3 246 people
    8 9,756,004
    4 3,500
    11 bus number 102
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    9 in the year 2015
    12 phone number 670098883
    7 35,785
    10 in the 1980s
    6 0.05 seconds

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    13 When did you see him? last week
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    7 What did they want? more money

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    6 There's too much water.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    8 There were more people.
    1 He speaks English.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    9 They could help us.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    2 She should tell them.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    8 our dog, not eat that
    6 she, sit between us
    3 she, send us, messages
    2 my parents, know
    9 he, not like the food
    5 I, give him, the money
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    1 he, speak about it
    7 we, spend weekends abroad

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    3 It's snowing.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    5 School is beginning.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    6 He's coming.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    1 She's feeling good.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    4 She's making dinner.
    7 She's sleeping late.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    8 It will be hard to solve.
    2 They love to sing.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    3 Music started to play.
    4 He continued to read.
    1 He likes to play games.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    3 It's just around the corner.
    12 Go down this road.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    2 You are among friends.
    10 I'm ready for anything.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • c She had to go to work.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    12 I speak very little/few English.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    8 How much money does he ?
    4 You should your homework now.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    1 You are a big mistake!
    3 She's dinner just now.
    14 He it to her happy.
    6 Do you any sports?
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    9 Nobody knows that.
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    8 I'll come time.
    3 What will you need?
    1 Why do you need car?
    6 We will find some place.
    4 What things do you like?
    2 What do people think?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    6 Ideš s nami?
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.