Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    8 We met several times.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    2 Take a look at this!
    10 What time does your plane land?
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    9 Is this your first time here?
    18 There's no need to worry.
    1 What are you watching?
    13 Let's go shopping!
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    20 It feels great!

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    5 Is she coming too?
    3 Can they help us?
    1 Are you hungry?
    4 Have you got any money?
    8 Should I tell her?
    2 Does he know?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    6 Will you be there?
    7 Do they agree?
    10 Am I right?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    8 She's afraid of flying.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    11 He's got no children.
    10 We got there at seven.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    9 He goes there twice a week.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    9 in the year 2015
    10 in the 1980s
    12 phone number 670098883
    3 246 people
    5 4.6,000,000
    2 He was 52nd.
    4 3,500
    8 9,756,004
    11 bus number 102
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    7 35,785
    6 0.05 seconds
    1 on May 1st and 26th

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    13 When did you see him? last week
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    7 What did they want? more money
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    2 She should tell them.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    8 There were more people.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    9 They could help us.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    1 He speaks English.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    6 There's too much water.
    4 You should eat less meat.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    4 we, meet, on the bus
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    3 she, send us, messages
    5 I, give him, the money
    8 our dog, not eat that
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    2 my parents, know
    1 he, speak about it
    6 she, sit between us
    9 he, not like the food

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    5 School is beginning.
    3 It's snowing.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    1 She's feeling good.
    6 He's coming.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    4 She's making dinner.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    12 I can remember that he told her.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    2 They love to sing.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    1 He likes to play games.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    3 Music started to play.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    4 He continued to read.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    5 The worst is behind us.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    12 Go down this road.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    2 You are among friends.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • c She had to go to work.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    1 How many/much will it cost?
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    6 That's too much/many money.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    17 He should get other/another chance.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    14 He it to her happy.
    4 You should your homework now.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    8 How much money does he ?
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    1 You are a big mistake!
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    6 Do you any sports?

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    9 Nobody knows that.
    3 What will you need?
    4 What things do you like?
    2 What do people think?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    8 I'll come time.
    6 We will find some place.
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    1 Why do you need car?
    5 Let's go somewhere .

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    5 Mal som veľa práce.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.