Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 9404

    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    8 We met several times.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    10 What time does your plane land?
    1 What are you watching?
    19 That sounds interesting.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    20 It feels great!
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    2 Take a look at this!
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    4 She knew nothing about it.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    4 Have you got any money?
    1 Are you hungry?
    6 Will you be there?
    7 Do they agree?
    5 Is she coming too?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    3 Can they help us?
    2 Does he know?
    8 Should I tell her?
    10 Am I right?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    1 I'm watching the news.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    11 He's got no children.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    10 We got there at seven.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    3 They're going to arrange it.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    2 He was 52nd.
    12 phone number 670098883
    6 0.05 seconds
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    11 bus number 102
    7 35,785
    5 4.6,000,000
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    10 in the 1980s
    9 in the year 2015
    3 246 people
    8 9,756,004
    4 3,500

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    7 What did they want? more money
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    13 When did you see him? last week
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    1 He speaks English.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    6 There's too much water.
    9 They could help us.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    2 She should tell them.
    8 There were more people.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    5 I, give him, the money
    9 he, not like the food
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    6 she, sit between us
    2 my parents, know
    1 he, speak about it
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    3 she, send us, messages
    8 our dog, not eat that
    10 the car, be, not expensive

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    4 She's making dinner.
    6 He's coming.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    1 She's feeling good.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    5 School is beginning.
    3 It's snowing.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    1 He likes to play games.
    3 Music started to play.
    2 They love to sing.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    4 He continued to read.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    2 You are among friends.
    12 Go down this road.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • j No, he's an only child.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    16 It'll be many/much better.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    6 Do you any sports?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    4 You should your homework now.
    14 He it to her happy.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    3 She's dinner just now.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    5 I need to a phone call.
    8 How much money does he ?
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    5 Let's go somewhere .
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    1 Why do you need car?
    8 I'll come time.
    6 We will find some place.
    2 What do people think?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    9 Nobody knows that.
    3 What will you need?
    4 What things do you like?

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.