Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    20 It feels great!
    12 She never speaks to me.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    2 Take a look at this!
    1 What are you watching?
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    19 That sounds interesting.
    8 We met several times.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    10 What time does your plane land?

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    3 Can they help us?
    5 Is she coming too?
    6 Will you be there?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    7 Do they agree?
    8 Should I tell her?
    2 Does he know?
    4 Have you got any money?
    10 Am I right?
    1 Are you hungry?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    10 We got there at seven.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    11 He's got no children.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    1 I'm watching the news.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    9 in the year 2015
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    11 bus number 102
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    12 phone number 670098883
    4 3,500
    7 35,785
    8 9,756,004
    2 He was 52nd.
    3 246 people
    10 in the 1980s
    5 4.6,000,000
    6 0.05 seconds

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    13 When did you see him? last week
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    7 What did they want? more money
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    9 They could help us.
    8 There were more people.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    6 There's too much water.
    1 He speaks English.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    2 She should tell them.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    4 You should eat less meat.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    4 we, meet, on the bus
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    8 our dog, not eat that
    5 I, give him, the money
    1 he, speak about it
    9 he, not like the food
    6 she, sit between us
    2 my parents, know
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    3 she, send us, messages

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    4 She's making dinner.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    1 She's feeling good.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    6 He's coming.
    3 It's snowing.
    5 School is beginning.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    1 He likes to play games.
    3 Music started to play.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    4 He continued to read.
    2 They love to sing.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    7 It should be easy to repair.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    12 Go down this road.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    2 You are among friends.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    10 I'm ready for anything.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • b We met on the bus.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    4 I tried it many/much times.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    6 That's too much/many money.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    3 She's dinner just now.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    14 He it to her happy.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    4 You should your homework now.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    6 Do you any sports?
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    8 How much money does he ?
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    9 Nobody knows that.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    2 What do people think?
    1 Why do you need car?
    4 What things do you like?
    6 We will find some place.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    3 What will you need?
    8 I'll come time.

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    6 Ideš s nami?
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.