Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    9 Is this your first time here?
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    16 Shall we sit down?
    2 Take a look at this!
    8 We met several times.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    1 What are you watching?
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    20 It feels great!
    13 Let's go shopping!
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    7 Do they agree?
    6 Will you be there?
    8 Should I tell her?
    3 Can they help us?
    10 Am I right?
    1 Are you hungry?
    4 Have you got any money?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    5 Is she coming too?
    2 Does he know?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    11 He's got no children.
    10 We got there at seven.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    9 He goes there twice a week.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    1 on May 1st and 26th
    4 3,500
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    11 bus number 102
    3 246 people
    2 He was 52nd.
    8 9,756,004
    5 4.6,000,000
    12 phone number 670098883
    6 0.05 seconds
    10 in the 1980s
    9 in the year 2015
    7 35,785

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    13 When did you see him? last week
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    7 What did they want? more money
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    6 There's too much water.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    1 He speaks English.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    8 There were more people.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    9 They could help us.
    2 She should tell them.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    5 I, give him, the money
    3 she, send us, messages
    1 he, speak about it
    2 my parents, know
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    8 our dog, not eat that
    9 he, not like the food
    6 she, sit between us
    10 the car, be, not expensive

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    2 Bob is trying hard.
    5 School is beginning.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    3 It's snowing.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    4 She's making dinner.
    1 She's feeling good.
    6 He's coming.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    1 He likes to play games.
    4 He continued to read.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    3 Music started to play.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    2 They love to sing.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    10 I'm ready for anything.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    2 You are among friends.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    12 Go down this road.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • c She had to go to work.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    4 I tried it many/much times.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    6 That's too much/many money.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    3 There will be many/much people.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    15 Stop fun of me!
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    5 I need to a phone call.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    8 How much money does he ?
    1 You are a big mistake!
    14 He it to her happy.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    4 You should your homework now.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    6 Do you any sports?
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    9 Nobody knows that.
    4 What things do you like?
    3 What will you need?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    8 I'll come time.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    1 Why do you need car?
    6 We will find some place.
    2 What do people think?

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.