Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    2 Take a look at this!
    19 That sounds interesting.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    1 What are you watching?
    8 We met several times.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    20 It feels great!
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    13 Let's go shopping!
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    18 There's no need to worry.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    5 Is she coming too?
    3 Can they help us?
    6 Will you be there?
    2 Does he know?
    8 Should I tell her?
    7 Do they agree?
    10 Am I right?
    1 Are you hungry?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    4 Have you got any money?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    11 He's got no children.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    10 We got there at seven.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    6 Only ten people came there.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    9 in the year 2015
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    7 35,785
    3 246 people
    6 0.05 seconds
    10 in the 1980s
    5 4.6,000,000
    2 He was 52nd.
    4 3,500
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    11 bus number 102
    8 9,756,004
    12 phone number 670098883

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    13 When did you see him? last week
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    7 What did they want? more money
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    9 What did you drink? only tea

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    4 You should eat less meat.
    2 She should tell them.
    6 There's too much water.
    9 They could help us.
    8 There were more people.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    1 He speaks English.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    10 We'll be able to come.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    10 the car, be, not expensive
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    3 she, send us, messages
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    5 I, give him, the money
    2 my parents, know
    9 he, not like the food
    8 our dog, not eat that
    6 she, sit between us
    1 he, speak about it

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    4 She's making dinner.
    1 She's feeling good.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    3 It's snowing.
    5 School is beginning.
    6 He's coming.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    2 They love to sing.
    3 Music started to play.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    1 He likes to play games.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    4 He continued to read.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    3 It's just around the corner.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    2 You are among friends.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    12 Go down this road.
    10 I'm ready for anything.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • i Usually twice a week.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    17 He should get other/another chance.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    6 That's too much/many money.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    9 Please let me know as as possible!

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    8 How much money does he ?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    5 I need to a phone call.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    14 He it to her happy.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    6 Do you any sports?
    3 She's dinner just now.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    4 You should your homework now.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    3 What will you need?
    6 We will find some place.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    8 I'll come time.
    9 Nobody knows that.
    4 What things do you like?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    1 Why do you need car?
    2 What do people think?

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.