Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    2 Take a look at this!
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    12 She never speaks to me.
    1 What are you watching?
    20 It feels great!
    10 What time does your plane land?
    8 We met several times.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    15 He doesn't care about her.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    2 Does he know?
    6 Will you be there?
    4 Have you got any money?
    5 Is she coming too?
    3 Can they help us?
    10 Am I right?
    8 Should I tell her?
    1 Are you hungry?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    7 Do they agree?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    8 She's afraid of flying.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    11 He's got no children.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    10 We got there at seven.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    9 He goes there twice a week.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    9 in the year 2015
    5 4.6,000,000
    10 in the 1980s
    2 He was 52nd.
    6 0.05 seconds
    8 9,756,004
    7 35,785
    11 bus number 102
    12 phone number 670098883
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    3 246 people
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    4 3,500

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    13 When did you see him? last week
    7 What did they want? more money
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    6 There's too much water.
    8 There were more people.
    1 He speaks English.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    2 She should tell them.
    9 They could help us.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    10 the car, be, not expensive
    3 she, send us, messages
    8 our dog, not eat that
    1 he, speak about it
    2 my parents, know
    6 she, sit between us
    9 he, not like the food
    5 I, give him, the money
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    7 we, spend weekends abroad

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    6 He's coming.
    4 She's making dinner.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    1 She's feeling good.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    3 It's snowing.
    5 School is beginning.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    1 He likes to play games.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    4 He continued to read.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    3 Music started to play.
    2 They love to sing.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    8 It will be hard to solve.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    2 You are among friends.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    12 Go down this road.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • a No, I told nobody.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    12 I speak very little/few English.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    6 That's too much/many money.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    9 It should take only little/few time.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    5 I need to a phone call.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    8 How much money does he ?
    4 You should your homework now.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    6 Do you any sports?
    14 He it to her happy.
    1 You are a big mistake!

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    9 Nobody knows that.
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    8 I'll come time.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    2 What do people think?
    1 Why do you need car?
    6 We will find some place.
    4 What things do you like?
    3 What will you need?

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    17 Museli sme čakať.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.