Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    4 She knew nothing about it.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    1 What are you watching?
    9 Is this your first time here?
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    8 We met several times.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    20 It feels great!
    10 What time does your plane land?
    13 Let's go shopping!
    2 Take a look at this!
    16 Shall we sit down?
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    19 That sounds interesting.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    9 Could he do it for us?
    4 Have you got any money?
    6 Will you be there?
    7 Do they agree?
    3 Can they help us?
    1 Are you hungry?
    2 Does he know?
    8 Should I tell her?
    10 Am I right?
    5 Is she coming too?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    10 We got there at seven.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    11 He's got no children.
    3 They're going to arrange it.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    8 9,756,004
    11 bus number 102
    6 0.05 seconds
    2 He was 52nd.
    4 3,500
    9 in the year 2015
    3 246 people
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    5 4.6,000,000
    12 phone number 670098883
    10 in the 1980s
    7 35,785
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    13 When did you see him? last week
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    7 What did they want? more money
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    1 He speaks English.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    6 There's too much water.
    9 They could help us.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    8 There were more people.
    2 She should tell them.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    4 we, meet, on the bus
    8 our dog, not eat that
    5 I, give him, the money
    1 he, speak about it
    2 my parents, know
    9 he, not like the food
    3 she, send us, messages
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    6 she, sit between us
    7 we, spend weekends abroad

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    1 She's feeling good.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    6 He's coming.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    3 It's snowing.
    5 School is beginning.
    4 She's making dinner.
    2 Bob is trying hard.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    4 He continued to read.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    3 Music started to play.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    2 They love to sing.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    1 He likes to play games.
    12 I can remember that he told her.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    12 Go down this road.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    2 You are among friends.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • e No, I won't be able to.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    3 There will be many/much people.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    3 She's dinner just now.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    6 Do you any sports?
    5 I need to a phone call.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    15 Stop fun of me!
    14 He it to her happy.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    4 You should your homework now.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    8 How much money does he ?

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    3 What will you need?
    8 I'll come time.
    2 What do people think?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    6 We will find some place.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    1 Why do you need car?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    4 What things do you like?

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    6 Ideš s nami?
    12 Idem nakupovať.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.