Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    7 It was nice meeting you.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    1 What are you watching?
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    20 It feels great!
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    9 Is this your first time here?
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    2 Take a look at this!
    13 Let's go shopping!
    18 There's no need to worry.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    8 We met several times.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    6 Will you be there?
    8 Should I tell her?
    4 Have you got any money?
    10 Am I right?
    3 Can they help us?
    5 Is she coming too?
    7 Do they agree?
    2 Does he know?
    1 Are you hungry?
    9 Could he do it for us?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

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    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    12 It's going to take a week.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    11 He's got no children.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    10 We got there at seven.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    1 I'm watching the news.

    Exercise 4

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    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    12 phone number 670098883
    7 35,785
    5 4.6,000,000
    11 bus number 102
    3 246 people
    9 in the year 2015
    2 He was 52nd.
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    10 in the 1980s
    6 0.05 seconds
    8 9,756,004
    4 3,500

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    7 What did they want? more money
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    13 When did you see him? last week
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    2 She should tell them.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    9 They could help us.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    8 There were more people.
    6 There's too much water.
    1 He speaks English.
    4 You should eat less meat.

    Exercise 7

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    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    2 my parents, know
    1 he, speak about it
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    6 she, sit between us
    9 he, not like the food
    5 I, give him, the money
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    8 our dog, not eat that
    3 she, send us, messages

    Exercise 8

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come

    Exercise 9

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    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    1 She's feeling good.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    6 He's coming.
    3 It's snowing.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    5 School is beginning.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    4 She's making dinner.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    5 We love it when we go out.
    3 Music started to play.
    1 He likes to play games.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    2 They love to sing.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    4 He continued to read.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    12 I can remember that he told her.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    12 Go down this road.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    2 You are among friends.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • j No, he's an only child.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    1 How many/much will it cost?
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    6 Do you any sports?
    1 You are a big mistake!
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    8 How much money does he ?
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    15 Stop fun of me!
    4 You should your homework now.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    14 He it to her happy.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

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    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter

    Exercise 23

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    4 What things do you like?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    8 I'll come time.
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    9 Nobody knows that.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    2 What do people think?
    6 We will find some place.
    3 What will you need?
    1 Why do you need car?

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

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    • Preložte.

    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    17 Museli sme čakať.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.