Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    10 They haven't arrived yet.
    5 I've never been there.
    7 Nobody has heard about it.
    13 Have you decided yet?
    17 What's happened?
    8 I've just read it.
    15 He hasn't brought it yet.
    9 We haven't met for months.
    12 I've spoken with him.
    6 Have we met before?
    18 I've known him for years.
    2 Have you seen it?
    11 Have you eaten?
    16 I haven't bought it yet.
    1 Where have you been?
    4 Have you been here before?
    14 I've changed my mind.
    3 She hasn't come yet.

    Naučte sa frázu I haven't seen you in ages! alebo I haven't seen you for ages! Zodpovedá slovenskému “Už som ťa strašne dlho nevidel.” ap. Obdobne možno použiť frázu I haven't heard from him for ages. - “Už sa mi neozval, ani nepamätám.”

    Exercise 2

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    • Napíšte vety, ktoré si vypočujete a infinitívy slovies použitých v predprítomnom čase.

    7
    6
    5
    9
    2
    4
    3
    10
    1
    8

    Exercise 3

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    • Doplňte vhodný tvar uvedeného slovesa podľa času.

    4 I have see that film.
    1 He's break his leg.
    9 Have you send the e-mail?
    2 I haven't speak to him for weeks.
    8 I've tell him about it.
    6 I've hear about it.
    3 She hasn't come yet.
    7 We've never be there.
    10 I've buy some apples.
    5 They've leave already.

    Exercise 4

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    • Spojte položky emailu s ich prekladmi.

    • 1 Recipient
    • 2 Dear Sir/Madam
    • 3 Subject
    • 4 Find attached
    • 5 Please let me know asap.
    • 6 Please confirm receipt
    • 7 Looking forward to your reply
    • 8 Yours faithfully
    • h Predmet
    • a V prílohe nájdete
    • d Príjemca
    • c Vážená pani / Vážený pán
    • f Teším sa na vašu odpoveď
    • b Prosím, potvrďte prijatie
    • g Dajte mi, prosím, vedieť čo najskôr.
    • e S pozdravom

    Pri oslovovaní skupiny osôb (firmy ap.) možno použiť: Dear Sirs - “Vážení” ap. Ak chceme zohľadniť, že medzi adresátmi môžu byť aj ženy, možno napísať: Sirs/Madam. Ale pozor! Zvolanie: Oh dear! znamená údiv: Ježiši! alebo Pane Bože!

    Exercise 5

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    • Rozpíšte skrátené tvary na plné. Sústreďte sa na použitie be a have.

    6 She's still there.
    4 Who's there?
    7 I've told him.
    2 What's happened?
    11 He's coming too.
    12 How's it going?
    5 She's been there before.
    9 There's been a lot of time.
    8 There's a problem.
    3 Who's done it?
    10 He's had three beers.
    1 What's new?

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte správne tvary do či make.

    11 What sports do you ?
    15 I need to a phone call.
    3 I the shopping yesterday.
    6 Have you your homework?
    10 It no sense.
    12 You've a mess of it!
    7 How much money did she ?
    13 We can without them.
    5 I'm my best.
    4 I've some tea.
    8 They've a lot of damage.
    14 He's great progress.
    2 We have no mistakes.
    9 I have only 10 dollars. Will it ?
    1 Have you the cleaning?

    Exercise 7

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    • Vyberte vhodné časti frázových slovies.

    4 I'm looking for/after/forward to seeing you.
    1 She has three kids. She must look at/after/forward them.
    2 He's very angry. He should calm up/down/in.
    8 I'll give you a ride. Get in/on/at the car!
    9 We have to check on/for/in at the hotel first.
    3 We will get in/back/for to that later.
    10 Don't give up! Keep off/on/out trying.
    6 I don't know, but I will find after/in/out.
    5 Can you pick me out/up/for at the airport?
    7 I don't smoke. I've let/taken/given up smoking.

    Exercise 8

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Would you like a sandwich?
    • 2 Is this your first time here?
    • 3 Have you spoken with him?
    • 4 Why isn't she coming?
    • 5 Do we have milk?
    • 6 Have you informed them?
    • 7 Why are you taking a taxi?
    • 8 Do you know this film?
    • b Yes, I've bought some.
    • c Our car has broken down.
    • g No, I've been here before.
    • d Yes, I've seen it twice.
    • e No, thanks. I've eaten.
    • a Yes, he called an hour ago.
    • h I've sent them an e-mail.
    • f She's changed her mind.

    Slovo before je v angličtine nielen predložka (pred), ale tiež príslovka znamenajúca (už) predtým, (už) skôr. Vyskytuje sa typicky na konci vety a často sa spája s predprítomným či predminulým časom. Napr.: I have never been here before. - “Ešte som tu nikdy nebol.”, It's happened before. - Už k tomu došlo skôr. ap.

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    1 She was tired. She's gone bed.
    5 Send it this address.
    2 I haven't heard from him weeks.
    8 I need to log , but I don't know the password.
    4 She's gone out lunch.
    7 Please confirm receipt this message.
    9 Stop doing it! I'm tired it.
    10 whom it may concern
    3 He hasn't replied my e-mail.
    6 I don't smoke. I've given smoking.

    Exercise 10

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    • Tvorte zo slov vety v predprítomnom čase.

    6
    you, do, the dishes?
    3
    I, cut, myself
    5
    They, not, send it
    8
    why, you, come here?
    4
    I, make, dinner
    1
    she, break, her arm
    9
    She, speak, with him
    2
    my parents, not arrive yet
    7
    He, not, find it

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu jednoduchý minulý alebo predprítomný čas.

    7 I send 10 e-mails today, but I not send any yesterday.
    5 I write to him a week ago, but he not reply yet.
    8 you watch the film last night? No, I not see it yet.
    2 We meet a month ago, but I not speak with him since then.
    1 I was tired. I go to bed early.
    3 She lose her key, but she find it already.
    6 She know about it, but she not go there yesterday.
    4 I not see John last week.
    9 They spend the last week at the seaside, but I go to the mountains.
    10 He not eat his breakfast this morning. He not eat for almost two days.
    11 She promise to call, but she not call yet.

    Jednoduchý minulý čas (past simple) je vymedzený konkrétnym časom alebo časovým úsekom v minulosti bez súvislosti s prítomnosťou, kým čas predprítomný (present perfect) svojím dejom nejako zasahuje z minulosti do prítomnosti, alebo hovorí, že daný časový úsek, v ktorom niečo nastalo alebo môže nastať, ešte nie je ukončený.

    Exercise 12

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo. Sústreďte sa na použité frázy.

    2 The computer won't start. I think it's broken down/taken out/checked out.
    7 We're going nowhere. I've refused/joined/cancelled our reservation.
    5 He hasn't made any promise/progress/problems. His English is still bad.
    4 She's arrived at the airport. I must get/pick/check her up.
    3 I don't understand it. It doesn't give/do/make sense.
    6 They haven't checked off/checked out/logged out of the hotel yet.
    9 Did he get your message? – I don't know. He hasn't confirmed/cancelled/switched receipt yet.
    8 We'll do it ourselves. We can do with/without/after their help.
    1 The radio is disturbing/interesting/cancelling me. Can you turn it off?

    Do you get the joke? - Rozumiete vtipu?: Mother: Doctor, my son has eaten my pen! What can I do?... Doctor: Use a pencil!

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte vhodné frázové sloveso.

    1 I missed my stop. I forgot to off the bus.
    5 Keep trying! Don't up. You can do it.
    9 I'll be right with you. on a minute!
    7 I'm hot. I need to off my jacket.
    4 He can't wait for you to come. He's to seeing you.
    6 I can't hear the radio. Can you it up?
    2 The computer is still on. He's forgotten to it off.
    8 I can't read it. I must on my glasses.
    3 I didn't tell her, but she knows! How did she out?

    Zapamätajte si užitočnú frázu I'll be right with you. - “Hneď som pri vás.”

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte pomocou predprítomného času. Využite pomôcky.

    1 Nikdy v Londýne nebol. to
    4 Ešte som to nevidel. not, yet
    9 Už ste sa niekedy stretli? meet
    5 Zlomil si ruku. arm
    10 Už ste jedli? eat
    2 Už odišla. leave
    8 Už je to dlho. long time
    6 Poznám ho už 5 rokov. for 5 years
    3 Už si to čítal? read, yet
    7 Ako dlho tu už si? how long

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte since, for, yet alebo already.

    2 Have you cleaned ?
    4 We've lived here last year.
    5 They haven't arrived .
    3 I've done that .
    7 Are you ready? - Not .
    8 Are you leaving ? - Yes I have to go.
    1 I've been here two hours.
    6 She's worked here five years.

    Exercise 16

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    5 Poznám ho už roky.
    9 Už odchádzate?
    7 Ako dlho už tam pracuješ?
    11 Ešte to nenašiel.
    12 Už? – Ešte nie!
    3 Ešte to neposlal.
    1 Už som jedol.
    8 Bývame tu od roku 1990.
    4 Už si jej to povedal?
    2 Nič sa nezmenilo. (zatiaľ)
    6 Ešte som neskončil.
    10 Nikdy som tam nebol.

    Rovnaký význam ako frázové slovesá turn on (zapnúť) a turn off (vypnúť) majú v angličtine switch on a switch off. Všimnite si, že sa v nich vyskytujú rovnaké predložky (častice). Samotné ON znamená zapnutý a OFF je vypnutý.