Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    6 Have we met before?
    9 We haven't met for months.
    3 She hasn't come yet.
    10 They haven't arrived yet.
    1 Where have you been?
    18 I've known him for years.
    5 I've never been there.
    12 I've spoken with him.
    2 Have you seen it?
    16 I haven't bought it yet.
    8 I've just read it.
    15 He hasn't brought it yet.
    11 Have you eaten?
    14 I've changed my mind.
    4 Have you been here before?
    7 Nobody has heard about it.
    13 Have you decided yet?
    17 What's happened?

    Naučte sa frázu I haven't seen you in ages! alebo I haven't seen you for ages! Zodpovedá slovenskému “Už som ťa strašne dlho nevidel.” ap. Obdobne možno použiť frázu I haven't heard from him for ages. - “Už sa mi neozval, ani nepamätám.”

    Exercise 2

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    • Napíšte vety, ktoré si vypočujete a infinitívy slovies použitých v predprítomnom čase.

    6
    10
    3
    5
    4
    8
    1
    2
    7
    9

    Exercise 3

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    • Doplňte vhodný tvar uvedeného slovesa podľa času.

    3 She hasn't come yet.
    7 We've never be there.
    8 I've tell him about it.
    10 I've buy some apples.
    2 I haven't speak to him for weeks.
    5 They've leave already.
    6 I've hear about it.
    9 Have you send the e-mail?
    4 I have see that film.
    1 He's break his leg.

    Exercise 4

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    • Spojte položky emailu s ich prekladmi.

    • 1 Recipient
    • 2 Dear Sir/Madam
    • 3 Subject
    • 4 Find attached
    • 5 Please let me know asap.
    • 6 Please confirm receipt
    • 7 Looking forward to your reply
    • 8 Yours faithfully
    • a V prílohe nájdete
    • d Príjemca
    • g Dajte mi, prosím, vedieť čo najskôr.
    • c Vážená pani / Vážený pán
    • b Prosím, potvrďte prijatie
    • e S pozdravom
    • f Teším sa na vašu odpoveď
    • h Predmet

    Pri oslovovaní skupiny osôb (firmy ap.) možno použiť: Dear Sirs - “Vážení” ap. Ak chceme zohľadniť, že medzi adresátmi môžu byť aj ženy, možno napísať: Sirs/Madam. Ale pozor! Zvolanie: Oh dear! znamená údiv: Ježiši! alebo Pane Bože!

    Exercise 5

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    • Rozpíšte skrátené tvary na plné. Sústreďte sa na použitie be a have.

    10 He's had three beers.
    7 I've told him.
    1 What's new?
    2 What's happened?
    12 How's it going?
    11 He's coming too.
    5 She's been there before.
    4 Who's there?
    8 There's a problem.
    3 Who's done it?
    6 She's still there.
    9 There's been a lot of time.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte správne tvary do či make.

    10 It no sense.
    1 Have you the cleaning?
    11 What sports do you ?
    14 He's great progress.
    13 We can without them.
    7 How much money did she ?
    15 I need to a phone call.
    6 Have you your homework?
    8 They've a lot of damage.
    4 I've some tea.
    12 You've a mess of it!
    2 We have no mistakes.
    3 I the shopping yesterday.
    5 I'm my best.
    9 I have only 10 dollars. Will it ?

    Exercise 7

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    • Vyberte vhodné časti frázových slovies.

    1 She has three kids. She must look at/after/forward them.
    8 I'll give you a ride. Get in/on/at the car!
    6 I don't know, but I will find after/in/out.
    4 I'm looking for/after/forward to seeing you.
    2 He's very angry. He should calm up/down/in.
    3 We will get in/back/for to that later.
    7 I don't smoke. I've let/taken/given up smoking.
    9 We have to check on/for/in at the hotel first.
    5 Can you pick me out/up/for at the airport?
    10 Don't give up! Keep off/on/out trying.

    Exercise 8

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Would you like a sandwich?
    • 2 Is this your first time here?
    • 3 Have you spoken with him?
    • 4 Why isn't she coming?
    • 5 Do we have milk?
    • 6 Have you informed them?
    • 7 Why are you taking a taxi?
    • 8 Do you know this film?
    • c Our car has broken down.
    • f She's changed her mind.
    • g No, I've been here before.
    • h I've sent them an e-mail.
    • e No, thanks. I've eaten.
    • d Yes, I've seen it twice.
    • b Yes, I've bought some.
    • a Yes, he called an hour ago.

    Slovo before je v angličtine nielen predložka (pred), ale tiež príslovka znamenajúca (už) predtým, (už) skôr. Vyskytuje sa typicky na konci vety a často sa spája s predprítomným či predminulým časom. Napr.: I have never been here before. - “Ešte som tu nikdy nebol.”, It's happened before. - Už k tomu došlo skôr. ap.

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    2 I haven't heard from him weeks.
    5 Send it this address.
    1 She was tired. She's gone bed.
    9 Stop doing it! I'm tired it.
    7 Please confirm receipt this message.
    6 I don't smoke. I've given smoking.
    4 She's gone out lunch.
    8 I need to log , but I don't know the password.
    3 He hasn't replied my e-mail.
    10 whom it may concern

    Exercise 10

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    • Tvorte zo slov vety v predprítomnom čase.

    9
    She, speak, with him
    1
    she, break, her arm
    5
    They, not, send it
    3
    I, cut, myself
    7
    He, not, find it
    2
    my parents, not arrive yet
    6
    you, do, the dishes?
    4
    I, make, dinner
    8
    why, you, come here?

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu jednoduchý minulý alebo predprítomný čas.

    11 She promise to call, but she not call yet.
    5 I write to him a week ago, but he not reply yet.
    8 you watch the film last night? No, I not see it yet.
    9 They spend the last week at the seaside, but I go to the mountains.
    4 I not see John last week.
    3 She lose her key, but she find it already.
    6 She know about it, but she not go there yesterday.
    7 I send 10 e-mails today, but I not send any yesterday.
    1 I was tired. I go to bed early.
    2 We meet a month ago, but I not speak with him since then.
    10 He not eat his breakfast this morning. He not eat for almost two days.

    Jednoduchý minulý čas (past simple) je vymedzený konkrétnym časom alebo časovým úsekom v minulosti bez súvislosti s prítomnosťou, kým čas predprítomný (present perfect) svojím dejom nejako zasahuje z minulosti do prítomnosti, alebo hovorí, že daný časový úsek, v ktorom niečo nastalo alebo môže nastať, ešte nie je ukončený.

    Exercise 12

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo. Sústreďte sa na použité frázy.

    3 I don't understand it. It doesn't give/do/make sense.
    5 He hasn't made any promise/progress/problems. His English is still bad.
    1 The radio is disturbing/interesting/cancelling me. Can you turn it off?
    7 We're going nowhere. I've refused/joined/cancelled our reservation.
    8 We'll do it ourselves. We can do with/without/after their help.
    9 Did he get your message? – I don't know. He hasn't confirmed/cancelled/switched receipt yet.
    4 She's arrived at the airport. I must get/pick/check her up.
    2 The computer won't start. I think it's broken down/taken out/checked out.
    6 They haven't checked off/checked out/logged out of the hotel yet.

    Do you get the joke? - Rozumiete vtipu?: Mother: Doctor, my son has eaten my pen! What can I do?... Doctor: Use a pencil!

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte vhodné frázové sloveso.

    6 I can't hear the radio. Can you it up?
    1 I missed my stop. I forgot to off the bus.
    5 Keep trying! Don't up. You can do it.
    8 I can't read it. I must on my glasses.
    3 I didn't tell her, but she knows! How did she out?
    7 I'm hot. I need to off my jacket.
    4 He can't wait for you to come. He's to seeing you.
    2 The computer is still on. He's forgotten to it off.
    9 I'll be right with you. on a minute!

    Zapamätajte si užitočnú frázu I'll be right with you. - “Hneď som pri vás.”

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte pomocou predprítomného času. Využite pomôcky.

    8 Už je to dlho. long time
    3 Už si to čítal? read, yet
    2 Už odišla. leave
    9 Už ste sa niekedy stretli? meet
    5 Zlomil si ruku. arm
    7 Ako dlho tu už si? how long
    10 Už ste jedli? eat
    1 Nikdy v Londýne nebol. to
    6 Poznám ho už 5 rokov. for 5 years
    4 Ešte som to nevidel. not, yet

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte since, for, yet alebo already.

    4 We've lived here last year.
    7 Are you ready? - Not .
    5 They haven't arrived .
    2 Have you cleaned ?
    6 She's worked here five years.
    3 I've done that .
    1 I've been here two hours.
    8 Are you leaving ? - Yes I have to go.

    Exercise 16

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    12 Už? – Ešte nie!
    8 Bývame tu od roku 1990.
    9 Už odchádzate?
    5 Poznám ho už roky.
    7 Ako dlho už tam pracuješ?
    1 Už som jedol.
    11 Ešte to nenašiel.
    10 Nikdy som tam nebol.
    2 Nič sa nezmenilo. (zatiaľ)
    3 Ešte to neposlal.
    6 Ešte som neskončil.
    4 Už si jej to povedal?

    Rovnaký význam ako frázové slovesá turn on (zapnúť) a turn off (vypnúť) majú v angličtine switch on a switch off. Všimnite si, že sa v nich vyskytujú rovnaké predložky (častice). Samotné ON znamená zapnutý a OFF je vypnutý.