Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    12 They were fired.
    11 He's employed by our company.
    8 What is it called in English?
    10 This word is not used often.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    2 I work for myself.
    1 What do you do for a living?
    7 What is meant by that?
    6 She applied for a job.
    3 I'm an employee.
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    5 He started his own business.

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    7 I make more money now.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    8 John has already found a job.
    6 Jack got the job.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • h Hnevá ma to.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    2 The house sell last week.
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    4 To rád počujem. glad
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • g She lost her job.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • h He's better off now.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • c He sent a job application.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    4 They got married. – They got .
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    5 They made him do it.
    9 You can eat it.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    2 Many workers use it.
    3 She sent the message.
    13 They hired two employees.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    14 Our company employed him.
    8 They gave us some money.
    1 They saw her there.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    6 He promoted her.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    1 2/3
    4 1/2
    12 3,650,500
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    3 5/9
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    11 0.25
    7 106
    2 3/4
    6 53
    5 32
    10 27 : 9 = 3

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    1 Stmieva sa. dark

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    4 he, fire her
    2 my parents, new house, build
    6 she, hair, cut
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    3 they, room, clean
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    1 I, car, repair
    8 we, the table, make

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    4 Bol povýšený.
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    6 Boli potrestaní.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.