Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    12 They were fired.
    8 What is it called in English?
    7 What is meant by that?
    6 She applied for a job.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    1 What do you do for a living?
    10 This word is not used often.
    5 He started his own business.
    11 He's employed by our company.
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    2 I work for myself.
    3 I'm an employee.

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    1 Jane works for herself.
    8 John has already found a job.
    6 Jack got the job.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    7 I make more money now.
    2 Mark works on a computer.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    2 The house sell last week.
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    4 He left his car there and it steal .

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    4 To rád počujem. glad
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • h He's better off now.
    • g She lost her job.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • d She's better paid now.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    4 They got married. – They got .
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    5 They made him do it.
    13 They hired two employees.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    6 He promoted her.
    3 She sent the message.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    9 You can eat it.
    1 They saw her there.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    8 They gave us some money.
    14 Our company employed him.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    2 Many workers use it.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    1 2/3
    4 1/2
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    5 32
    11 0.25
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    6 53
    12 3,650,500
    2 3/4
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    3 5/9
    7 106

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    7 Preslávila sa. famous

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    2 my parents, new house, build
    8 we, the table, make
    6 she, hair, cut
    1 I, car, repair
    4 he, fire her
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    3 they, room, clean
    5 we, food, bring to our room

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    4 Bol povýšený.
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.