Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    8 What is it called in English?
    7 What is meant by that?
    6 She applied for a job.
    1 What do you do for a living?
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    12 They were fired.
    3 I'm an employee.
    10 This word is not used often.
    5 He started his own business.
    11 He's employed by our company.
    2 I work for myself.
    4 He makes a lot of money.

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    6 Jack got the job.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    7 I make more money now.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    8 John has already found a job.
    2 Mark works on a computer.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • f Naštval sa.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    2 The house sell last week.
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    4 To rád počujem. glad
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • g She lost her job.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • h He's better off now.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • b She's her own boss.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    4 They got married. – They got .

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    1 They saw her there.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    9 You can eat it.
    5 They made him do it.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    3 She sent the message.
    2 Many workers use it.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    8 They gave us some money.
    6 He promoted her.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    14 Our company employed him.
    13 They hired two employees.
    4 Someone told him to do it.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    12 3,650,500
    11 0.25
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    4 1/2
    6 53
    3 5/9
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    7 106
    1 2/3
    2 3/4
    5 32
    9 35 - 20 = 15

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    7 Preslávila sa. famous

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    4 he, fire her
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    2 my parents, new house, build
    1 I, car, repair
    6 she, hair, cut
    8 we, the table, make
    3 they, room, clean
    7 he, his jacket, wash

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    4 Bol povýšený.
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    6 Boli potrestaní.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.