Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    1 What do you do for a living?
    11 He's employed by our company.
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    12 They were fired.
    6 She applied for a job.
    2 I work for myself.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    3 I'm an employee.
    7 What is meant by that?
    5 He started his own business.
    8 What is it called in English?
    10 This word is not used often.

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    2 Mark works on a computer.
    6 Jack got the job.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    7 I make more money now.
    8 John has already found a job.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    2 The house sell last week.
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    4 To rád počujem. glad
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • g She lost her job.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • h He's better off now.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • c He sent a job application.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    4 They got married. – They got .
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    9 You can eat it.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    14 Our company employed him.
    3 She sent the message.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    5 They made him do it.
    6 He promoted her.
    1 They saw her there.
    8 They gave us some money.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    2 Many workers use it.
    13 They hired two employees.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    8 55 + 55 = 110
    11 0.25
    1 2/3
    6 53
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    12 3,650,500
    2 3/4
    7 106
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    5 32
    3 5/9
    4 1/2

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    4 Lepšíš sa. better

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    8 we, the table, make
    1 I, car, repair
    2 my parents, new house, build
    4 he, fire her
    6 she, hair, cut
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    3 they, room, clean

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    4 Bol povýšený.
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.