Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    6 She applied for a job.
    10 This word is not used often.
    3 I'm an employee.
    8 What is it called in English?
    2 I work for myself.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    12 They were fired.
    11 He's employed by our company.
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    7 What is meant by that?
    1 What do you do for a living?
    5 He started his own business.

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    8 John has already found a job.
    7 I make more money now.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    6 Jack got the job.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    2 The house sell last week.

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    4 To rád počujem. glad
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • g She lost her job.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • h He's better off now.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • f She's trying to find employment.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    4 They got married. – They got .
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    2 Many workers use it.
    5 They made him do it.
    6 He promoted her.
    8 They gave us some money.
    1 They saw her there.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    13 They hired two employees.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    3 She sent the message.
    9 You can eat it.
    14 Our company employed him.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    4 1/2
    6 53
    7 106
    11 0.25
    2 3/4
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    12 3,650,500
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    3 5/9
    1 2/3
    5 32

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    5 we, food, bring to our room
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    6 she, hair, cut
    2 my parents, new house, build
    1 I, car, repair
    4 he, fire her
    3 they, room, clean
    8 we, the table, make

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    4 Bol povýšený.
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.