Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    3 I'm an employee.
    2 I work for myself.
    12 They were fired.
    6 She applied for a job.
    8 What is it called in English?
    7 What is meant by that?
    10 This word is not used often.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    5 He started his own business.
    11 He's employed by our company.
    1 What do you do for a living?

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    6 Jack got the job.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    8 John has already found a job.
    7 I make more money now.
    1 Jane works for herself.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • f Naštval sa.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    2 The house sell last week.
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    4 To rád počujem. glad

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • h He's better off now.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • g She lost her job.
    • a He's unemployed.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    4 They got married. – They got .
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    3 She sent the message.
    6 He promoted her.
    13 They hired two employees.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    2 Many workers use it.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    8 They gave us some money.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    9 You can eat it.
    14 Our company employed him.
    1 They saw her there.
    5 They made him do it.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    5 32
    7 106
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    11 0.25
    4 1/2
    1 2/3
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    3 5/9
    2 3/4
    6 53
    12 3,650,500

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    2 my parents, new house, build
    8 we, the table, make
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    3 they, room, clean
    6 she, hair, cut
    1 I, car, repair
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    4 he, fire her

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    4 Bol povýšený.
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    7 Ako sa to robí?

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.