Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    3 I'm an employee.
    12 They were fired.
    8 What is it called in English?
    2 I work for myself.
    1 What do you do for a living?
    6 She applied for a job.
    7 What is meant by that?
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    10 This word is not used often.
    5 He started his own business.
    11 He's employed by our company.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    6 Jack got the job.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    8 John has already found a job.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    7 I make more money now.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • d Nelepší sa to.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    2 The house sell last week.
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    4 To rád počujem. glad
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • h He's better off now.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • g She lost her job.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • d She's better paid now.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    4 They got married. – They got .

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    13 They hired two employees.
    8 They gave us some money.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    2 Many workers use it.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    5 They made him do it.
    1 They saw her there.
    6 He promoted her.
    9 You can eat it.
    14 Our company employed him.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    3 She sent the message.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    7 106
    12 3,650,500
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    6 53
    11 0.25
    4 1/2
    3 5/9
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    5 32
    2 3/4
    1 2/3

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    7 he, his jacket, wash
    3 they, room, clean
    2 my parents, new house, build
    1 I, car, repair
    4 he, fire her
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    8 we, the table, make
    6 she, hair, cut

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    4 Bol povýšený.
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.