Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    7 What is meant by that?
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    5 He started his own business.
    3 I'm an employee.
    8 What is it called in English?
    2 I work for myself.
    6 She applied for a job.
    12 They were fired.
    1 What do you do for a living?
    10 This word is not used often.
    11 He's employed by our company.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    8 John has already found a job.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    6 Jack got the job.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    7 I make more money now.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    2 The house sell last week.
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    4 To rád počujem. glad
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • g She lost her job.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • h He's better off now.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    4 They got married. – They got .
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    8 They gave us some money.
    5 They made him do it.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    1 They saw her there.
    3 She sent the message.
    2 Many workers use it.
    9 You can eat it.
    6 He promoted her.
    14 Our company employed him.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    13 They hired two employees.
    4 Someone told him to do it.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    7 106
    2 3/4
    1 2/3
    5 32
    3 5/9
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    6 53
    11 0.25
    4 1/2
    12 3,650,500

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    6 she, hair, cut
    2 my parents, new house, build
    3 they, room, clean
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    8 we, the table, make
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    4 he, fire her
    1 I, car, repair

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    4 Bol povýšený.
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.