Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    6 She applied for a job.
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    10 This word is not used often.
    2 I work for myself.
    8 What is it called in English?
    7 What is meant by that?
    11 He's employed by our company.
    3 I'm an employee.
    1 What do you do for a living?
    12 They were fired.
    5 He started his own business.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    2 Mark works on a computer.
    8 John has already found a job.
    6 Jack got the job.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    7 I make more money now.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    2 The house sell last week.
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    4 To rád počujem. glad
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • g She lost her job.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • h He's better off now.
    • d She's better paid now.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    4 They got married. – They got .
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    5 He's jobless. – He's .

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    13 They hired two employees.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    14 Our company employed him.
    1 They saw her there.
    6 He promoted her.
    9 You can eat it.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    2 Many workers use it.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    3 She sent the message.
    8 They gave us some money.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    5 They made him do it.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    12 3,650,500
    5 32
    7 106
    4 1/2
    6 53
    11 0.25
    1 2/3
    3 5/9
    2 3/4
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    9 35 - 20 = 15

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    6 she, hair, cut
    2 my parents, new house, build
    1 I, car, repair
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    3 they, room, clean
    8 we, the table, make
    4 he, fire her
    5 we, food, bring to our room

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    4 Bol povýšený.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.