Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    2 I work for myself.
    7 What is meant by that?
    11 He's employed by our company.
    5 He started his own business.
    12 They were fired.
    3 I'm an employee.
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    8 What is it called in English?
    10 This word is not used often.
    1 What do you do for a living?
    6 She applied for a job.

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    1 Jane works for herself.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    7 I make more money now.
    6 Jack got the job.
    8 John has already found a job.
    2 Mark works on a computer.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • d Nelepší sa to.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    8 This meat eat cooked.
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    2 The house sell last week.

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    4 To rád počujem. glad
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • g She lost her job.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • h He's better off now.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • b She's her own boss.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    4 They got married. – They got .
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    2 Many workers use it.
    5 They made him do it.
    9 You can eat it.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    6 He promoted her.
    14 Our company employed him.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    1 They saw her there.
    3 She sent the message.
    13 They hired two employees.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    8 They gave us some money.
    4 Someone told him to do it.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    12 3,650,500
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    1 2/3
    11 0.25
    3 5/9
    2 3/4
    6 53
    5 32
    7 106
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    4 1/2
    9 35 - 20 = 15

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    1 I, car, repair
    4 he, fire her
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    3 they, room, clean
    8 we, the table, make
    6 she, hair, cut
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    2 my parents, new house, build

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    4 Bol povýšený.
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.