Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    7 What is meant by that?
    5 He started his own business.
    3 I'm an employee.
    8 What is it called in English?
    1 What do you do for a living?
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    12 They were fired.
    10 This word is not used often.
    6 She applied for a job.
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    2 I work for myself.
    11 He's employed by our company.

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    8 John has already found a job.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    6 Jack got the job.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    7 I make more money now.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    2 The house sell last week.
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    4 To rád počujem. glad
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • h He's better off now.
    • g She lost her job.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    4 They got married. – They got .
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    5 They made him do it.
    8 They gave us some money.
    1 They saw her there.
    9 You can eat it.
    13 They hired two employees.
    14 Our company employed him.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    2 Many workers use it.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    3 She sent the message.
    6 He promoted her.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    9 35 - 20 = 15
    11 0.25
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    5 32
    7 106
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    12 3,650,500
    4 1/2
    6 53
    3 5/9
    2 3/4
    1 2/3

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    3 Opili sa. drunk
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    8 we, the table, make
    6 she, hair, cut
    2 my parents, new house, build
    4 he, fire her
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    1 I, car, repair
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    3 they, room, clean

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    4 Bol povýšený.
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    7 Ako sa to robí?

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.