Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    7 What is meant by that?
    10 This word is not used often.
    1 What do you do for a living?
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    8 What is it called in English?
    3 I'm an employee.
    5 He started his own business.
    2 I work for myself.
    11 He's employed by our company.
    12 They were fired.
    6 She applied for a job.
    4 He makes a lot of money.

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    7 I make more money now.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    8 John has already found a job.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    6 Jack got the job.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • f Naštval sa.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    8 This meat eat cooked.
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    2 The house sell last week.
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    4 To rád počujem. glad
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • h He's better off now.
    • g She lost her job.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • e He stopped working there.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    4 They got married. – They got .

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    3 She sent the message.
    8 They gave us some money.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    1 They saw her there.
    6 He promoted her.
    14 Our company employed him.
    2 Many workers use it.
    9 You can eat it.
    13 They hired two employees.
    5 They made him do it.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    4 1/2
    3 5/9
    5 32
    2 3/4
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    7 106
    1 2/3
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    11 0.25
    6 53
    12 3,650,500

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    3 Opili sa. drunk

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    1 I, car, repair
    4 he, fire her
    8 we, the table, make
    6 she, hair, cut
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    2 my parents, new house, build
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    3 they, room, clean

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    4 Bol povýšený.
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    6 Boli potrestaní.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.