Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    4 He makes a lot of money.
    1 What do you do for a living?
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    10 This word is not used often.
    6 She applied for a job.
    7 What is meant by that?
    11 He's employed by our company.
    3 I'm an employee.
    12 They were fired.
    8 What is it called in English?
    5 He started his own business.
    2 I work for myself.

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    2 Mark works on a computer.
    7 I make more money now.
    6 Jack got the job.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    8 John has already found a job.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • h Hnevá ma to.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    2 The house sell last week.
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    4 To rád počujem. glad
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • h He's better off now.
    • g She lost her job.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • e He stopped working there.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    4 They got married. – They got .
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    13 They hired two employees.
    9 You can eat it.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    1 They saw her there.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    2 Many workers use it.
    3 She sent the message.
    5 They made him do it.
    14 Our company employed him.
    8 They gave us some money.
    6 He promoted her.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    7 106
    6 53
    5 32
    1 2/3
    2 3/4
    12 3,650,500
    11 0.25
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    3 5/9
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    4 1/2

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    3 Opili sa. drunk

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    3 they, room, clean
    6 she, hair, cut
    1 I, car, repair
    4 he, fire her
    8 we, the table, make
    2 my parents, new house, build
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    7 he, his jacket, wash

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    4 Bol povýšený.
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.