Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    1 What do you do for a living?
    12 They were fired.
    5 He started his own business.
    8 What is it called in English?
    3 I'm an employee.
    6 She applied for a job.
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    2 I work for myself.
    11 He's employed by our company.
    7 What is meant by that?
    10 This word is not used often.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    2 Mark works on a computer.
    8 John has already found a job.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    6 Jack got the job.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    7 I make more money now.
    1 Jane works for herself.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • f Naštval sa.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    2 The house sell last week.
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    4 To rád počujem. glad

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • g She lost her job.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • h He's better off now.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • f She's trying to find employment.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    4 They got married. – They got .
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    1 They saw her there.
    8 They gave us some money.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    2 Many workers use it.
    9 You can eat it.
    3 She sent the message.
    6 He promoted her.
    5 They made him do it.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    13 They hired two employees.
    14 Our company employed him.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    11 0.25
    1 2/3
    7 106
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    12 3,650,500
    5 32
    2 3/4
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    4 1/2
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    3 5/9
    6 53

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    3 they, room, clean
    2 my parents, new house, build
    1 I, car, repair
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    6 she, hair, cut
    4 he, fire her
    8 we, the table, make

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    4 Bol povýšený.
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.