Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    3 I'm an employee.
    8 What is it called in English?
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    10 This word is not used often.
    1 What do you do for a living?
    12 They were fired.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    6 She applied for a job.
    5 He started his own business.
    11 He's employed by our company.
    7 What is meant by that?
    2 I work for myself.

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    6 Jack got the job.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    8 John has already found a job.
    7 I make more money now.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    2 The house sell last week.
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    4 To rád počujem. glad
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • g She lost her job.
    • h He's better off now.
    • a He's unemployed.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    4 They got married. – They got .
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    14 Our company employed him.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    2 Many workers use it.
    3 She sent the message.
    6 He promoted her.
    9 You can eat it.
    5 They made him do it.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    1 They saw her there.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    8 They gave us some money.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    13 They hired two employees.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    2 3/4
    12 3,650,500
    1 2/3
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    6 53
    5 32
    4 1/2
    3 5/9
    7 106
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    11 0.25

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    5 we, food, bring to our room
    1 I, car, repair
    2 my parents, new house, build
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    4 he, fire her
    6 she, hair, cut
    8 we, the table, make
    3 they, room, clean

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    4 Bol povýšený.
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.