Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    4 He makes a lot of money.
    5 He started his own business.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    11 He's employed by our company.
    10 This word is not used often.
    6 She applied for a job.
    8 What is it called in English?
    12 They were fired.
    7 What is meant by that?
    1 What do you do for a living?
    2 I work for myself.
    3 I'm an employee.

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    7 I make more money now.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    6 Jack got the job.
    8 John has already found a job.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    2 Mark works on a computer.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    8 This meat eat cooked.
    2 The house sell last week.
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    4 To rád počujem. glad
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • h He's better off now.
    • g She lost her job.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • b She's her own boss.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    4 They got married. – They got .
    5 He's jobless. – He's .

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    2 Many workers use it.
    3 She sent the message.
    14 Our company employed him.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    8 They gave us some money.
    9 You can eat it.
    5 They made him do it.
    6 He promoted her.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    13 They hired two employees.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    1 They saw her there.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    2 3/4
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    5 32
    4 1/2
    6 53
    7 106
    11 0.25
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    3 5/9
    12 3,650,500
    1 2/3
    8 55 + 55 = 110

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    3 they, room, clean
    4 he, fire her
    1 I, car, repair
    2 my parents, new house, build
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    8 we, the table, make
    6 she, hair, cut

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    4 Bol povýšený.
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.