Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    1 What do you do for a living?
    12 They were fired.
    5 He started his own business.
    7 What is meant by that?
    8 What is it called in English?
    6 She applied for a job.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    11 He's employed by our company.
    10 This word is not used often.
    2 I work for myself.
    3 I'm an employee.
    4 He makes a lot of money.

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    2 Mark works on a computer.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    6 Jack got the job.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    8 John has already found a job.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    7 I make more money now.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • d Nelepší sa to.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    8 This meat eat cooked.
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    2 The house sell last week.

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    4 To rád počujem. glad
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • h He's better off now.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • g She lost her job.
    • d She's better paid now.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    4 They got married. – They got .
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    5 He's jobless. – He's .

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    8 They gave us some money.
    14 Our company employed him.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    5 They made him do it.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    9 You can eat it.
    3 She sent the message.
    1 They saw her there.
    13 They hired two employees.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    6 He promoted her.
    2 Many workers use it.
    4 Someone told him to do it.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    12 3,650,500
    1 2/3
    2 3/4
    11 0.25
    6 53
    7 106
    5 32
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    4 1/2
    3 5/9

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    8 we, the table, make
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    2 my parents, new house, build
    4 he, fire her
    1 I, car, repair
    6 she, hair, cut
    3 they, room, clean

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    4 Bol povýšený.
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.