Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    10 This word is not used often.
    1 What do you do for a living?
    12 They were fired.
    8 What is it called in English?
    7 What is meant by that?
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    5 He started his own business.
    6 She applied for a job.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    2 I work for myself.
    3 I'm an employee.
    11 He's employed by our company.

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    7 I make more money now.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    8 John has already found a job.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    6 Jack got the job.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    2 The house sell last week.

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    4 To rád počujem. glad
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • h He's better off now.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • g She lost her job.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • d She's better paid now.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    4 They got married. – They got .

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    5 They made him do it.
    3 She sent the message.
    6 He promoted her.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    13 They hired two employees.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    1 They saw her there.
    2 Many workers use it.
    9 You can eat it.
    14 Our company employed him.
    8 They gave us some money.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    3 5/9
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    6 53
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    4 1/2
    11 0.25
    12 3,650,500
    5 32
    7 106
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    1 2/3
    2 3/4

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    3 they, room, clean
    2 my parents, new house, build
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    1 I, car, repair
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    4 he, fire her
    8 we, the table, make
    6 she, hair, cut

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    1 Čím sa živíte?
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    4 Bol povýšený.
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.