Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    3 I'm an employee.
    5 He started his own business.
    12 They were fired.
    11 He's employed by our company.
    8 What is it called in English?
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    2 I work for myself.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    1 What do you do for a living?
    10 This word is not used often.
    6 She applied for a job.
    7 What is meant by that?

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    7 I make more money now.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    8 John has already found a job.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    6 Jack got the job.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    2 The house sell last week.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    4 To rád počujem. glad
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • h He's better off now.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • g She lost her job.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • a He's unemployed.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    4 They got married. – They got .
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    5 They made him do it.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    1 They saw her there.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    8 They gave us some money.
    6 He promoted her.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    3 She sent the message.
    2 Many workers use it.
    14 Our company employed him.
    9 You can eat it.
    13 They hired two employees.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    12 Nobody ever found it.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    10 27 : 9 = 3
    7 106
    1 2/3
    3 5/9
    2 3/4
    4 1/2
    6 53
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    5 32
    12 3,650,500
    11 0.25
    9 35 - 20 = 15

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    1 I, car, repair
    3 they, room, clean
    4 he, fire her
    8 we, the table, make
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    6 she, hair, cut
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    2 my parents, new house, build

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    4 Bol povýšený.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    3 Robím sám na seba.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.