Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    10 This word is not used often.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    8 What is it called in English?
    7 What is meant by that?
    6 She applied for a job.
    5 He started his own business.
    1 What do you do for a living?
    3 I'm an employee.
    12 They were fired.
    2 I work for myself.
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    11 He's employed by our company.

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    2 Mark works on a computer.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    6 Jack got the job.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    7 I make more money now.
    8 John has already found a job.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    8 This meat eat cooked.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    2 The house sell last week.
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    4 To rád počujem. glad
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • g She lost her job.
    • h He's better off now.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • b She's her own boss.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    4 They got married. – They got .
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    1 They saw her there.
    13 They hired two employees.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    14 Our company employed him.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    8 They gave us some money.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    5 They made him do it.
    9 You can eat it.
    6 He promoted her.
    2 Many workers use it.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    3 She sent the message.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    8 55 + 55 = 110
    7 106
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    12 3,650,500
    3 5/9
    6 53
    5 32
    2 3/4
    11 0.25
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    4 1/2
    1 2/3

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    7 Preslávila sa. famous

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    2 my parents, new house, build
    3 they, room, clean
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    4 he, fire her
    1 I, car, repair
    6 she, hair, cut
    8 we, the table, make

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    7 Ako sa to robí?
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    4 Bol povýšený.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    13 Zvykol som si na to.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.