Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    5 He started his own business.
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    2 I work for myself.
    8 What is it called in English?
    7 What is meant by that?
    1 What do you do for a living?
    11 He's employed by our company.
    3 I'm an employee.
    10 This word is not used often.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    12 They were fired.
    6 She applied for a job.

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    8 John has already found a job.
    6 Jack got the job.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    7 I make more money now.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    2 The house sell last week.
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    8 This meat eat cooked.

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    4 To rád počujem. glad
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • g She lost her job.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • h He's better off now.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • e He stopped working there.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    4 They got married. – They got .
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    14 Our company employed him.
    13 They hired two employees.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    9 You can eat it.
    3 She sent the message.
    5 They made him do it.
    2 Many workers use it.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    6 He promoted her.
    8 They gave us some money.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    1 They saw her there.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    4 Someone told him to do it.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    5 32
    11 0.25
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    12 3,650,500
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    7 106
    3 5/9
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    6 53
    2 3/4
    4 1/2
    1 2/3

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    7 he, his jacket, wash
    8 we, the table, make
    2 my parents, new house, build
    4 he, fire her
    6 she, hair, cut
    3 they, room, clean
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    1 I, car, repair

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    4 Bol povýšený.
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.