Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    3 I'm an employee.
    1 What do you do for a living?
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    10 This word is not used often.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    2 I work for myself.
    11 He's employed by our company.
    5 He started his own business.
    8 What is it called in English?
    12 They were fired.
    7 What is meant by that?
    6 She applied for a job.

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    8 John has already found a job.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    6 Jack got the job.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    7 I make more money now.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • h Hnevá ma to.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    2 The house sell last week.
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    4 To rád počujem. glad
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • h He's better off now.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • g She lost her job.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    4 They got married. – They got .
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    13 They hired two employees.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    1 They saw her there.
    9 You can eat it.
    5 They made him do it.
    8 They gave us some money.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    2 Many workers use it.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    3 She sent the message.
    14 Our company employed him.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    6 He promoted her.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    6 53
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    11 0.25
    3 5/9
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    2 3/4
    12 3,650,500
    1 2/3
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    7 106
    4 1/2
    5 32

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    12 Zmokneš. wet
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    2 my parents, new house, build
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    8 we, the table, make
    6 she, hair, cut
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    3 they, room, clean
    1 I, car, repair
    4 he, fire her

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    4 Bol povýšený.
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.