Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    5 He started his own business.
    11 He's employed by our company.
    6 She applied for a job.
    10 This word is not used often.
    12 They were fired.
    8 What is it called in English?
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    7 What is meant by that?
    3 I'm an employee.
    2 I work for myself.
    1 What do you do for a living?

    Už poznáte použitie koncovky -er - viaže sa k subjektu, ktorý niečo činí, napr. employer, worker. Podobne funguje pri niektorých slovesách koncovka -or napr. translate (preložiť) - translator (prekladateľ). Všimnite si tiež koncovku -ee napr. pri slove employee. Tá sa naopak používa na vyjadrenie osoby, ktorá je činnosti podrobená. Napr. interviewer (pýtajúci sa) - interviewee (opytovaný - pri pohovore ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    8 John has already found a job.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    7 I make more money now.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    6 Jack got the job.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • f Naštval sa.
    • e Mal by si na to zvyknúť.
    • d Nelepší sa to.
    • a Ochladzuje sa.
    • c Jedlo sa pokazí.
    • b Začínam byť smädný.
    • g Dostala vyhadzov.
    • h Hnevá ma to.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    7 He will be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed

    Nezamieňajte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný mesačný plat. Wage je mzda (hl. platená od hodiny, týždenne ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, teda vyplácané peniaze. Napr. pay day je deň výplaty ap. Všeobecný formálny termín pre odmenu (či odmeňovanie) za prácu je väčšinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správne tvary trpného rodu.

    2 The house sell last week.
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.

    Užitočné spojenie s trpným rodom je: be held - konať sa (má podobný význam ako nám už známe take place). Napr.: A meeting was held. - Konala sa schôdzka. ap. Hold znamená držať, ale tiež usporadúvať či konať. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvarmi: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Povedzte po anglicky s použitím častice to. Využite pomôcky.

    7 Mám iné veci na práci. other things
    2 Očakávam, že nám pomôžete. expect you
    8 Predstierala, že nevie. pretend, not
    4 To rád počujem. glad
    1 Bola prekvapená, že ma vidí. surprised
    6 Poznám miesto, kde sa dá skvele najesť. great place
    5 Je tu toho veľa čo vidieť. a lot
    3 Bol prvý, kto to vedel. first
    10 Prepáčte, že vás obťažujem. bother
    9 Mal šťastie, že našiel prácu. lucky

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s približne rovnakým významom.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • h He's better off now.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • g She lost her job.
    • e He stopped working there.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhú vetu tak, aby mala opačný význam ako prvá veta.

    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    4 They got married. – They got .
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvorte vety rovnakého významu pomocou trpného rodu.

    5 They made him do it.
    2 Many workers use it.
    13 They hired two employees.
    1 They saw her there.
    6 He promoted her.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    14 Our company employed him.
    3 She sent the message.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    9 You can eat it.
    8 They gave us some money.

    He is wanted. je slovensky: Hľadá ho polícia. (zločinca ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Hľadáme výpomoc. (brigádnika ap.)

    Exercise 10

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    • Prečítajte a napíšte celými slovami po anglicky.

    2 3/4
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    6 53
    4 1/2
    7 106
    12 3,650,500
    11 0.25
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    5 32
    1 2/3
    3 5/9

    Exercise 11

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    • Preložte zmeny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využite pomôcky.

    16 Skoro sa unavila. tired
    7 Preslávila sa. famous
    3 Opili sa. drunk
    6 Začína to byť ťažké. difficult
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    9 Vyhladli sme. hungry
    5 Počasie sa zhoršilo. worse
    14 Začal som mať strach. afraid
    10 Začínam byť smädný. thirsty
    4 Lepšíš sa. better
    11 Rozčúlil sa. angry
    15 Prestáva ma to baviť. tired
    8 To jedlo sa pokazí. bad
    13 Počítač (sa) spomaľuje. slow
    1 Stmieva sa. dark
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .

    Exercise 13

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    • Povedzte podľa pomôcok po anglicky, čo (si) kto nechal alebo dal urobiť.

    6 she, hair, cut
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    1 I, car, repair
    4 he, fire her
    3 they, room, clean
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    8 we, the table, make
    2 my parents, new house, build

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte. Kde je to možné, použite trpný rod.

    14 Rezervácia bola zrušená.
    13 Zvykol som si na to.
    12 Dostala vyhadzov.
    4 Bol povýšený.
    1 Čím sa živíte?
    17 Dostal vyhadzov.
    6 Boli potrestaní.
    2 Pracujem ako účtovník.
    18 Dvom tretinám z nich zdvihli plat.
    11 Vyrábajú sa tam autá.
    3 Robím sám na seba.
    15 Predalo sa 1000 áut.
    5 Ako sa to volá po anglicky?
    10 V Británii sa hovorí anglicky.
    7 Ako sa to robí?
    8 Najali 5 pracovníkov.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    16 Musím si to dať opraviť.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodiť z práce) je veľmi bežné, ale je skôr hovorové. Formálny termín pre prepustiť (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Napr. He was dismissed. - Bol prepustený.