Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    10 You should've known that.
    12 All the best!
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    11 Here's to you!
    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    3 I had no idea.
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    4 It's a deal!
    14 Merry Xmas!
    1 Whose birthday is it?
    7 Have you been drinking?
    6 It's been raining for two days.
    2 It's not my fault.
    9 He could've asked.

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    1 I'm invited a birthday party.
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    9 What do you want Christmas?
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    5 I met her the train to London.
    6 He was robbed all his money.
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • e You should have told me.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • f I would have helped him.
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • h We met recently.
    • f I don't have much money.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • g We're still together.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • b Neither will I.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • a I don't eat red meat.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    8 I hate him. I
    3 They don't like it. we
    14 You should do that. you
    5 I must go now. we
    9 We don't agree. they
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    4 They won't come. I
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    11 I can't go on. we
    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    2 I'll be there. John
    1 I'm not tired. I
    6 I don't know. I

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.
    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    8 Frank has a hangover.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    8 You're running late. You should up.
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?
    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see
    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    10 I'm invited too, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?
    9 I should call him, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.
    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.
    2 I won't comment that.
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    7 You should know that. past simple
    5 We can ask him. past simple
    10 They become independent. past simple
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    9 That would help us. past simple
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    2 You must wait. future simple
    1 I cannot come. future simple

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.