Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    14 Merry Xmas!
    3 I had no idea.
    7 Have you been drinking?
    6 It's been raining for two days.
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    1 Whose birthday is it?
    12 All the best!
    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    9 He could've asked.
    11 Here's to you!
    2 It's not my fault.
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    4 It's a deal!
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    10 You should've known that.

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    6 He was robbed all his money.
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    9 What do you want Christmas?
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    5 I met her the train to London.

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.
    • f I would have helped him.
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • e You should have told me.
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.
    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.
    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • g We're still together.
    • h We met recently.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • b Neither will I.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • a I don't eat red meat.
    • f I don't have much money.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    8 I hate him. I
    6 I don't know. I
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    11 I can't go on. we
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    3 They don't like it. we
    9 We don't agree. they
    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    4 They won't come. I
    14 You should do that. you
    1 I'm not tired. I
    5 I must go now. we
    2 I'll be there. John

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day
    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    8 Frank has a hangover.
    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!
    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse
    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    10 I'm invited too, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?
    9 I should call him, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    2 I won't comment that.
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    10 They become independent. past simple
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    7 You should know that. past simple
    9 That would help us. past simple
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    1 I cannot come. future simple
    5 We can ask him. past simple
    2 You must wait. future simple

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    6 Nemal som tušenie.

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.