Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    6 It's been raining for two days.
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    14 Merry Xmas!
    9 He could've asked.
    10 You should've known that.
    3 I had no idea.
    11 Here's to you!
    4 It's a deal!
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    7 Have you been drinking?
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    12 All the best!
    2 It's not my fault.
    1 Whose birthday is it?

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    6 He was robbed all his money.
    5 I met her the train to London.
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    9 What do you want Christmas?

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • e You should have told me.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • f I would have helped him.
    • d They must have seen it too.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.
    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.
    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.
    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • g We're still together.
    • f I don't have much money.
    • a I don't eat red meat.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • h We met recently.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • b Neither will I.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    6 I don't know. I
    2 I'll be there. John
    8 I hate him. I
    3 They don't like it. we
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    14 You should do that. you
    11 I can't go on. we
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    5 I must go now. we
    9 We don't agree. they
    1 I'm not tired. I
    4 They won't come. I

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.
    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    8 Frank has a hangover.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.
    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.
    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see
    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse
    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    4 John can't drive, ?
    10 I'm invited too, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?
    9 I should call him, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.
    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    2 I won't comment that.
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    9 That would help us. past simple
    1 I cannot come. future simple
    7 You should know that. past simple
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    2 You must wait. future simple
    5 We can ask him. past simple
    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    10 They become independent. past simple

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.