Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    1 Whose birthday is it?
    3 I had no idea.
    7 Have you been drinking?
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    11 Here's to you!
    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    9 He could've asked.
    14 Merry Xmas!
    6 It's been raining for two days.
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    2 It's not my fault.
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    10 You should've known that.
    12 All the best!
    4 It's a deal!

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    6 He was robbed all his money.
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    9 What do you want Christmas?
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    5 I met her the train to London.
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • e You should have told me.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • f I would have helped him.
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.
    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • h We met recently.
    • a I don't eat red meat.
    • f I don't have much money.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • b Neither will I.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • g We're still together.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    8 I hate him. I
    4 They won't come. I
    5 I must go now. we
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    2 I'll be there. John
    14 You should do that. you
    1 I'm not tired. I
    9 We don't agree. they
    3 They don't like it. we
    11 I can't go on. we
    6 I don't know. I

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.
    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.
    8 Frank has a hangover.
    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.
    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    8 You're running late. You should up.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see
    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse
    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    3 His parents know about it, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    10 I'm invited too, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    9 I should call him, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    2 I won't comment that.
    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    5 We can ask him. past simple
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    10 They become independent. past simple
    9 That would help us. past simple
    7 You should know that. past simple
    2 You must wait. future simple
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    1 I cannot come. future simple
    3 I'll send it. present perfect

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.