Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    10 You should've known that.
    7 Have you been drinking?
    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    12 All the best!
    1 Whose birthday is it?
    3 I had no idea.
    4 It's a deal!
    6 It's been raining for two days.
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    9 He could've asked.
    14 Merry Xmas!
    11 Here's to you!
    2 It's not my fault.

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    5 I met her the train to London.
    6 He was robbed all his money.
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    9 What do you want Christmas?
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • e You should have told me.
    • f I would have helped him.
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.
    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.
    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • b Neither will I.
    • g We're still together.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • f I don't have much money.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • h We met recently.
    • a I don't eat red meat.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    2 I'll be there. John
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    4 They won't come. I
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    14 You should do that. you
    8 I hate him. I
    9 We don't agree. they
    3 They don't like it. we
    11 I can't go on. we
    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    1 I'm not tired. I
    5 I must go now. we
    6 I don't know. I

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.
    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.
    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    8 Frank has a hangover.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?
    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see
    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse
    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    9 I should call him, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    10 I'm invited too, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.
    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.
    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    2 I won't comment that.
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    10 They become independent. past simple
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    5 We can ask him. past simple
    7 You should know that. past simple
    2 You must wait. future simple
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    9 That would help us. past simple
    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    1 I cannot come. future simple

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.