Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    2 It's not my fault.
    7 Have you been drinking?
    4 It's a deal!
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    3 I had no idea.
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    10 You should've known that.
    9 He could've asked.
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    11 Here's to you!
    14 Merry Xmas!
    6 It's been raining for two days.
    12 All the best!
    1 Whose birthday is it?
    8 I've been learning English for a year.

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    6 He was robbed all his money.
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.
    9 What do you want Christmas?
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    5 I met her the train to London.
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.
    • f I would have helped him.
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • e You should have told me.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.
    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • g We're still together.
    • b Neither will I.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • h We met recently.
    • f I don't have much money.
    • a I don't eat red meat.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    8 I hate him. I
    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    3 They don't like it. we
    2 I'll be there. John
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    4 They won't come. I
    5 I must go now. we
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    6 I don't know. I
    9 We don't agree. they
    11 I can't go on. we
    1 I'm not tired. I
    14 You should do that. you

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.
    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.
    8 Frank has a hangover.
    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    10 I'm invited too, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    9 I should call him, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.
    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    2 I won't comment that.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    10 They become independent. past simple
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    7 You should know that. past simple
    9 That would help us. past simple
    1 I cannot come. future simple
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    5 We can ask him. past simple
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    2 You must wait. future simple
    3 I'll send it. present perfect

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.