Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    11 Here's to you!
    14 Merry Xmas!
    1 Whose birthday is it?
    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    9 He could've asked.
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    6 It's been raining for two days.
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    7 Have you been drinking?
    10 You should've known that.
    4 It's a deal!
    12 All the best!
    2 It's not my fault.
    3 I had no idea.

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    5 I met her the train to London.
    6 He was robbed all his money.
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.
    9 What do you want Christmas?
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • e You should have told me.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • f I would have helped him.
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • c Only ten students passed it.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.
    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • b Neither will I.
    • f I don't have much money.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • h We met recently.
    • g We're still together.
    • a I don't eat red meat.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    9 We don't agree. they
    5 I must go now. we
    2 I'll be there. John
    3 They don't like it. we
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    11 I can't go on. we
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    14 You should do that. you
    1 I'm not tired. I
    4 They won't come. I
    6 I don't know. I
    8 I hate him. I
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    12 John isn't happy. Jane

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    8 Frank has a hangover.
    7 Bob can't wait to see it.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!
    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see
    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    8 They weren't angry, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    9 I should call him, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?
    10 I'm invited too, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    2 I won't comment that.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    7 You should know that. past simple
    10 They become independent. past simple
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    9 That would help us. past simple
    2 You must wait. future simple
    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    5 We can ask him. past simple
    1 I cannot come. future simple

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.