Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    9 He could've asked.
    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    7 Have you been drinking?
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    4 It's a deal!
    14 Merry Xmas!
    2 It's not my fault.
    10 You should've known that.
    1 Whose birthday is it?
    11 Here's to you!
    6 It's been raining for two days.
    3 I had no idea.
    12 All the best!
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    5 I met her the train to London.
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.
    9 What do you want Christmas?
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    6 He was robbed all his money.
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • f I would have helped him.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • e You should have told me.
    • d They must have seen it too.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.
    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • f I don't have much money.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • h We met recently.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • g We're still together.
    • a I don't eat red meat.
    • b Neither will I.
    • d I'm feeling fine.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    6 I don't know. I
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    14 You should do that. you
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    9 We don't agree. they
    3 They don't like it. we
    8 I hate him. I
    1 I'm not tired. I
    2 I'll be there. John
    5 I must go now. we
    11 I can't go on. we
    4 They won't come. I

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write
    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    8 Frank has a hangover.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.
    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?
    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see
    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse
    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    4 John can't drive, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    9 I should call him, ?
    10 I'm invited too, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    2 I won't comment that.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    7 You should know that. past simple
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    10 They become independent. past simple
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    1 I cannot come. future simple
    9 That would help us. past simple
    2 You must wait. future simple
    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    5 We can ask him. past simple

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.