Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    14 Merry Xmas!
    9 He could've asked.
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    3 I had no idea.
    2 It's not my fault.
    1 Whose birthday is it?
    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    4 It's a deal!
    12 All the best!
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    10 You should've known that.
    11 Here's to you!
    7 Have you been drinking?
    6 It's been raining for two days.

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    6 He was robbed all his money.
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    5 I met her the train to London.
    9 What do you want Christmas?
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • e You should have told me.
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.
    • f I would have helped him.
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.
    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • h We met recently.
    • g We're still together.
    • f I don't have much money.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • b Neither will I.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • a I don't eat red meat.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    5 I must go now. we
    3 They don't like it. we
    14 You should do that. you
    9 We don't agree. they
    2 I'll be there. John
    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    4 They won't come. I
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    6 I don't know. I
    8 I hate him. I
    11 I can't go on. we
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    1 I'm not tired. I

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.
    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    8 Frank has a hangover.
    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.
    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse
    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    10 I'm invited too, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    9 I should call him, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    2 I won't comment that.
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    1 I cannot come. future simple
    5 We can ask him. past simple
    7 You should know that. past simple
    10 They become independent. past simple
    2 You must wait. future simple
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    9 That would help us. past simple
    3 I'll send it. present perfect

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.