Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    3 I had no idea.
    14 Merry Xmas!
    2 It's not my fault.
    4 It's a deal!
    12 All the best!
    6 It's been raining for two days.
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    10 You should've known that.
    11 Here's to you!
    1 Whose birthday is it?
    9 He could've asked.
    7 Have you been drinking?

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    6 He was robbed all his money.
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    9 What do you want Christmas?
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    5 I met her the train to London.

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • f I would have helped him.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.
    • e You should have told me.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.
    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • b Neither will I.
    • h We met recently.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • f I don't have much money.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • a I don't eat red meat.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • g We're still together.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    4 They won't come. I
    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    3 They don't like it. we
    8 I hate him. I
    14 You should do that. you
    6 I don't know. I
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    1 I'm not tired. I
    9 We don't agree. they
    2 I'll be there. John
    11 I can't go on. we
    5 I must go now. we
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day
    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    8 Frank has a hangover.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.
    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    8 You're running late. You should up.
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?
    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    6 You'll be there too, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?
    9 I should call him, ?
    10 I'm invited too, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.
    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    2 I won't comment that.
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    2 You must wait. future simple
    7 You should know that. past simple
    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    5 We can ask him. past simple
    9 That would help us. past simple
    10 They become independent. past simple
    1 I cannot come. future simple
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.