Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    6 It's been raining for two days.
    10 You should've known that.
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    2 It's not my fault.
    9 He could've asked.
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    4 It's a deal!
    3 I had no idea.
    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    12 All the best!
    7 Have you been drinking?
    14 Merry Xmas!
    11 Here's to you!
    1 Whose birthday is it?

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.
    9 What do you want Christmas?
    5 I met her the train to London.
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    6 He was robbed all his money.

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • e You should have told me.
    • f I would have helped him.
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.
    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • b Neither will I.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • f I don't have much money.
    • a I don't eat red meat.
    • h We met recently.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • g We're still together.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    1 I'm not tired. I
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    2 I'll be there. John
    4 They won't come. I
    11 I can't go on. we
    3 They don't like it. we
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    8 I hate him. I
    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    6 I don't know. I
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    9 We don't agree. they
    5 I must go now. we
    14 You should do that. you

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day
    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.
    8 Frank has a hangover.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.
    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse
    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see
    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    3 His parents know about it, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?
    10 I'm invited too, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    9 I should call him, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.
    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    2 I won't comment that.
    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    5 We can ask him. past simple
    9 That would help us. past simple
    2 You must wait. future simple
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    1 I cannot come. future simple
    7 You should know that. past simple
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    10 They become independent. past simple

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.