Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    14 Merry Xmas!
    10 You should've known that.
    6 It's been raining for two days.
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    1 Whose birthday is it?
    11 Here's to you!
    12 All the best!
    7 Have you been drinking?
    2 It's not my fault.
    4 It's a deal!
    9 He could've asked.
    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    3 I had no idea.

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    5 I met her the train to London.
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    6 He was robbed all his money.
    9 What do you want Christmas?

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • f I would have helped him.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • e You should have told me.
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • b Neither will I.
    • g We're still together.
    • h We met recently.
    • f I don't have much money.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • a I don't eat red meat.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    11 I can't go on. we
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    5 I must go now. we
    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    6 I don't know. I
    4 They won't come. I
    9 We don't agree. they
    3 They don't like it. we
    2 I'll be there. John
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    8 I hate him. I
    14 You should do that. you
    1 I'm not tired. I

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.
    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    8 Frank has a hangover.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.
    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see
    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    10 I'm invited too, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    9 I should call him, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.
    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    2 I won't comment that.
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    5 We can ask him. past simple
    7 You should know that. past simple
    1 I cannot come. future simple
    9 That would help us. past simple
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    2 You must wait. future simple
    10 They become independent. past simple
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.