Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    12 All the best!
    11 Here's to you!
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    10 You should've known that.
    14 Merry Xmas!
    9 He could've asked.
    3 I had no idea.
    2 It's not my fault.
    7 Have you been drinking?
    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    4 It's a deal!
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    1 Whose birthday is it?
    6 It's been raining for two days.

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    5 I met her the train to London.
    6 He was robbed all his money.
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    9 What do you want Christmas?
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • f I would have helped him.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • e You should have told me.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.
    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • h We met recently.
    • g We're still together.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • a I don't eat red meat.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • b Neither will I.
    • f I don't have much money.
    • c I don't want a car.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    6 I don't know. I
    11 I can't go on. we
    5 I must go now. we
    1 I'm not tired. I
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    3 They don't like it. we
    9 We don't agree. they
    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    4 They won't come. I
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    2 I'll be there. John
    8 I hate him. I
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    14 You should do that. you

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately
    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.
    8 Frank has a hangover.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!
    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.
    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see
    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse
    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    3 His parents know about it, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?
    9 I should call him, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?
    10 I'm invited too, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    2 I won't comment that.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.
    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    9 That would help us. past simple
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    5 We can ask him. past simple
    7 You should know that. past simple
    2 You must wait. future simple
    1 I cannot come. future simple
    10 They become independent. past simple

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.