Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    12 All the best!
    11 Here's to you!
    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    4 It's a deal!
    6 It's been raining for two days.
    10 You should've known that.
    1 Whose birthday is it?
    14 Merry Xmas!
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    7 Have you been drinking?
    2 It's not my fault.
    9 He could've asked.
    3 I had no idea.

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.
    9 What do you want Christmas?
    5 I met her the train to London.
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    6 He was robbed all his money.
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • e You should have told me.
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • f I would have helped him.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • d They must have seen it too.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.
    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • b Neither will I.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • h We met recently.
    • f I don't have much money.
    • g We're still together.
    • a I don't eat red meat.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    14 You should do that. you
    3 They don't like it. we
    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    8 I hate him. I
    9 We don't agree. they
    5 I must go now. we
    6 I don't know. I
    1 I'm not tired. I
    2 I'll be there. John
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    4 They won't come. I
    11 I can't go on. we

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.
    8 Frank has a hangover.
    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    7 Bob can't wait to see it.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see
    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    9 I should call him, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?
    10 I'm invited too, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.
    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.
    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    2 I won't comment that.
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    1 I cannot come. future simple
    7 You should know that. past simple
    9 That would help us. past simple
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    10 They become independent. past simple
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    5 We can ask him. past simple
    2 You must wait. future simple

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.