Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    1 Whose birthday is it?
    2 It's not my fault.
    14 Merry Xmas!
    4 It's a deal!
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    3 I had no idea.
    6 It's been raining for two days.
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    9 He could've asked.
    11 Here's to you!
    12 All the best!
    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    7 Have you been drinking?
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    10 You should've known that.

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    6 He was robbed all his money.
    5 I met her the train to London.
    9 What do you want Christmas?
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • f I would have helped him.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • e You should have told me.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.
    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • a I don't eat red meat.
    • b Neither will I.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • h We met recently.
    • g We're still together.
    • f I don't have much money.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    14 You should do that. you
    6 I don't know. I
    3 They don't like it. we
    5 I must go now. we
    1 I'm not tired. I
    8 I hate him. I
    2 I'll be there. John
    11 I can't go on. we
    9 We don't agree. they
    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    4 They won't come. I

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day
    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.
    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    8 Frank has a hangover.
    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.
    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see
    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    9 I should call him, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?
    10 I'm invited too, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.
    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    2 I won't comment that.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    1 I cannot come. future simple
    9 That would help us. past simple
    5 We can ask him. past simple
    2 You must wait. future simple
    10 They become independent. past simple
    7 You should know that. past simple
    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.