Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    7 Have you been drinking?
    4 It's a deal!
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    11 Here's to you!
    6 It's been raining for two days.
    2 It's not my fault.
    1 Whose birthday is it?
    10 You should've known that.
    3 I had no idea.
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    12 All the best!
    9 He could've asked.
    14 Merry Xmas!

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    6 He was robbed all his money.
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    9 What do you want Christmas?
    5 I met her the train to London.
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • e You should have told me.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • f I would have helped him.
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • g We're still together.
    • a I don't eat red meat.
    • b Neither will I.
    • h We met recently.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • f I don't have much money.
    • d I'm feeling fine.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    8 I hate him. I
    11 I can't go on. we
    9 We don't agree. they
    14 You should do that. you
    3 They don't like it. we
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    5 I must go now. we
    1 I'm not tired. I
    4 They won't come. I
    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    2 I'll be there. John
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    6 I don't know. I

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write
    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    8 Frank has a hangover.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.
    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.
    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?
    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse
    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    10 I'm invited too, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?
    9 I should call him, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.
    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    2 I won't comment that.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    1 I cannot come. future simple
    10 They become independent. past simple
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    7 You should know that. past simple
    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    2 You must wait. future simple
    9 That would help us. past simple
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    5 We can ask him. past simple
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.