Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    2 It's not my fault.
    11 Here's to you!
    6 It's been raining for two days.
    1 Whose birthday is it?
    3 I had no idea.
    9 He could've asked.
    12 All the best!
    10 You should've known that.
    4 It's a deal!
    14 Merry Xmas!
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    7 Have you been drinking?
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    9 What do you want Christmas?
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.
    6 He was robbed all his money.
    5 I met her the train to London.

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.
    • e You should have told me.
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • f I would have helped him.
    • c Only ten students passed it.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • f I don't have much money.
    • g We're still together.
    • b Neither will I.
    • a I don't eat red meat.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • h We met recently.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • d I'm feeling fine.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    8 I hate him. I
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    9 We don't agree. they
    2 I'll be there. John
    1 I'm not tired. I
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    14 You should do that. you
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    11 I can't go on. we
    6 I don't know. I
    5 I must go now. we
    4 They won't come. I
    3 They don't like it. we

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    8 Frank has a hangover.
    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    8 You're running late. You should up.
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?
    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see
    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    3 His parents know about it, ?
    10 I'm invited too, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?
    9 I should call him, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    2 I won't comment that.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    9 That would help us. past simple
    10 They become independent. past simple
    1 I cannot come. future simple
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    5 We can ask him. past simple
    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    2 You must wait. future simple
    7 You should know that. past simple

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.