Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    7 Have you been drinking?
    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    11 Here's to you!
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    14 Merry Xmas!
    10 You should've known that.
    6 It's been raining for two days.
    12 All the best!
    2 It's not my fault.
    1 Whose birthday is it?
    9 He could've asked.
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    3 I had no idea.
    4 It's a deal!

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    1 I'm invited a birthday party.
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    5 I met her the train to London.
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    9 What do you want Christmas?
    6 He was robbed all his money.

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • f I would have helped him.
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • e You should have told me.
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • f I don't have much money.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • a I don't eat red meat.
    • b Neither will I.
    • g We're still together.
    • h We met recently.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    4 They won't come. I
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    14 You should do that. you
    6 I don't know. I
    1 I'm not tired. I
    2 I'll be there. John
    9 We don't agree. they
    8 I hate him. I
    3 They don't like it. we
    5 I must go now. we
    11 I can't go on. we

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.
    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    8 Frank has a hangover.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse
    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    9 I should call him, ?
    10 I'm invited too, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.
    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    2 I won't comment that.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    9 That would help us. past simple
    2 You must wait. future simple
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    7 You should know that. past simple
    1 I cannot come. future simple
    10 They become independent. past simple
    5 We can ask him. past simple
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    3 I'll send it. present perfect

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.