Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    9 He could've asked.
    10 You should've known that.
    3 I had no idea.
    12 All the best!
    7 Have you been drinking?
    1 Whose birthday is it?
    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    11 Here's to you!
    2 It's not my fault.
    4 It's a deal!
    14 Merry Xmas!
    6 It's been raining for two days.
    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    5 We've been waiting since 7.

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    9 What do you want Christmas?
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    6 He was robbed all his money.
    5 I met her the train to London.
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • e You should have told me.
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • f I would have helped him.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • b Neither will I.
    • f I don't have much money.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • a I don't eat red meat.
    • h We met recently.
    • g We're still together.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    3 They don't like it. we
    8 I hate him. I
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    5 I must go now. we
    2 I'll be there. John
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    1 I'm not tired. I
    14 You should do that. you
    11 I can't go on. we
    9 We don't agree. they
    4 They won't come. I
    6 I don't know. I
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    8 Frank has a hangover.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.
    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.
    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.
    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse
    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    5 Jane told you, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    9 I should call him, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?
    10 I'm invited too, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    2 I won't comment that.
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    10 They become independent. past simple
    2 You must wait. future simple
    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    9 That would help us. past simple
    1 I cannot come. future simple
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    7 You should know that. past simple
    5 We can ask him. past simple

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.