Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    6 It's been raining for two days.
    10 You should've known that.
    11 Here's to you!
    14 Merry Xmas!
    9 He could've asked.
    4 It's a deal!
    2 It's not my fault.
    3 I had no idea.
    7 Have you been drinking?
    12 All the best!
    1 Whose birthday is it?
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    6 He was robbed all his money.
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.
    5 I met her the train to London.
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    9 What do you want Christmas?

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • f I would have helped him.
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • e You should have told me.
    • d They must have seen it too.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.
    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.
    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • a I don't eat red meat.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • h We met recently.
    • b Neither will I.
    • g We're still together.
    • f I don't have much money.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    8 I hate him. I
    2 I'll be there. John
    9 We don't agree. they
    11 I can't go on. we
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    5 I must go now. we
    6 I don't know. I
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    3 They don't like it. we
    4 They won't come. I
    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    1 I'm not tired. I
    14 You should do that. you

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.
    8 Frank has a hangover.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.
    8 You're running late. You should up.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see
    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse
    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    10 I'm invited too, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    9 I should call him, ?
    3 His parents know about it, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.
    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.
    2 I won't comment that.
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous
    5 We can ask him. past simple
    9 That would help us. past simple
    10 They become independent. past simple
    7 You should know that. past simple
    2 You must wait. future simple
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    1 I cannot come. future simple

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.
    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.