Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    15 What did you do on New Year's Eve?
    5 We've been waiting since 7.
    4 It's a deal!
    13 Feel free to bring your girlfriend.
    11 Here's to you!
    3 I had no idea.
    6 It's been raining for two days.
    9 He could've asked.
    8 I've been learning English for a year.
    1 Whose birthday is it?
    10 You should've known that.
    2 It's not my fault.
    14 Merry Xmas!
    12 All the best!
    7 Have you been drinking?

    New Year's resolution je novoročné predsavzatie. Napr.: How to keep your New Year's resolutions. - Ako dodržať novoročné predsavzatia. Sloveso keep má okrem iného význam dodržať. Napr.: I kept my word. - Dodržal som slovo.

    Exercise 2

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    • Doplňte predložky: at, for, since, to, of, on, up.

    6 He was robbed all his money.
    3 I've been waiting here 2 hours.
    8 Jane met him her sister's wedding.
    7 She's been sleeping yesterday.
    9 What do you want Christmas?
    2 People usually decorate Christmas trees Christmas.
    4 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    5 I met her the train to London.
    1 I'm invited a birthday party.

    Christmas sa tiež neformálne píše ako: Xmas. Napr. Merry Xmas! - Veselé Vianoce!

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 He must've been tired.
    • 2 They were there last night.
    • 3 Have you sent it to him?
    • 4 He isn't answering my calls.
    • 5 The meeting hasn't finished.
    • 6 The exam must've been hard.
    • 7 How was I supposed to know?
    • 8 Why didn't he ask me for help?
    • h He's been waiting for it for days.
    • g He's been sleeping for 13 hours.
    • c Only ten students passed it.
    • d They must have seen it too.
    • f I would have helped him.
    • e You should have told me.
    • a They've been talking for 2 hours.
    • b I've been trying to reach him all day.

    Exercise 4

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    • Doplňte preklady viet pomocou času predprítomného priebehového.

    4 Na to sa celý čas teším. I've forward to it.
    8 Kto jedol moje pukance? Who's my popcorn?
    1 Učím sa anglicky už dva roky. I've English for two years.
    5 Už ma o to žiada týždeň. He's me for it for a week.
    6 V poslednom čase sa cítim unavený. I've tired lately.
    7 Ako dlho už tu bývaš? How long living here?
    9 Pili ste? (pred jazdou ap.) Have you drinking?
    2 Sedí tu už od 3 hodín. He's here since 3 p.m.
    3 Spí už 12 hodín. She's for 12 hours.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, kde ich treba.

    7 Britain is not same as United Kingdom.
    5 I'm leaving for work now. I'm taking taxi.
    1 She's tourist from Czech Republic.
    8 I flew from Europe to US and to Hawaii.
    9 Jane is great cook. She's always in kitchen.
    3 I need pen. - Why don't you use one on your desk?
    6 I talked with him on phone yesterday in morning.
    2 Do you know girl over there? - Yes, we met on bus.
    4 Have you got time? - Yes. It's half past six.

    Slovo shopping označuje nielen činnosť (nakupovanie), ale aj jej výsledok, teda urobený nákup. Napr.: Put the shopping in the fridge. - Daj nákup do chladničky.

    Exercise 6

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    9 St Patrick's Day is mostly celebrated by Scotsmen/Irishmen.
    1 You should miss/see a doctor if you are unwell/late.
    4 People usually wear costumes/glasses on Halloween.
    2 Feel easy/free to bring your friends.
    5 St Patrick's Day is associated with red/green colour.
    8 Christmas stockings are usually filled with Christmas cards/small gifts.
    6 He must/should have called me if he wasn't sure.
    10 Thanksgiving/Halloween originated as a harvest festival celebrated by the Pilgrims.
    7 Fish/Turkey is usually eaten on Thanksgiving.
    3 Christmas Eve/Day is usually celebrated on December 25.

    Sloveso originate je odvodené od slova origin (pôvod). Originate in ... teda znamená mať (svoj) pôvod v...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré majú opačný význam.

    • 1 I'm unwell.
    • 2 I was given some presents.
    • 3 I haven't seen him for ages.
    • 4 I love roast beef.
    • 5 So will I.
    • 6 I don't feel like it.
    • 7 I wish I had a car.
    • 8 I'm quite well-off.
    • 9 I broke up with her.
    • d I'm feeling fine.
    • g We're still together.
    • f I don't have much money.
    • a I don't eat red meat.
    • i I'm looking forward to it.
    • e I got no gifts.
    • b Neither will I.
    • c I don't want a car.
    • h We met recently.

    Break up with ... je rozísť sa s ... (partnerom). Chodiť s niekým je go out with somebody alebo hovorovo date somebody. Napr.: They've been going out for a year. - Chodia spolu už rok. Alebo Is she dating anyone? - Chodí teraz s niekým? Date ako podstatné meno znamená tiež stretnutie či rande, možno ním pomenovať aj osobu, s ktorou stretnutie máme. Who's your date? - S kým ideš na rande?

    Exercise 8

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    • Tvorte vety pomocou so a neither. Použite osoby v nápovedi.

    1 I'm not tired. I
    14 You should do that. you
    3 They don't like it. we
    7 Bob hasn't come yet. Frank
    12 John isn't happy. Jane
    11 I can't go on. we
    5 I must go now. we
    2 I'll be there. John
    9 We don't agree. they
    4 They won't come. I
    13 Mark wouldn't like it. I
    6 I don't know. I
    10 I haven't read it yet. I
    8 I hate him. I

    Exercise 9

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    • Preložte pomocou času predprítomného priebehového. Využite pomôcky.

    1 Čakám tu už hodinu.
    wait; hour
    9 V poslednom čase sa necítim dobre.
    feel well, lately
    2 Prší už tri dni.
    rain; three days
    7 Nefunguje to už od pondelka.
    work, Monday
    6 Snažím sa ťa celý deň zastihnúť.
    reach; all day
    5 Hovorí už dve hodiny.
    she, speak
    8 Ako dlho už to píšeš?
    how long, write
    3 Díva sa na televíziu už od rána.
    he, watch TV
    4 Pracujú na tom od včerajška.
    work, yesterday

    Let's party! možno preložiť ako Ideme sláviť! alebo Ideme flámovať!

    Exercise 10

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    7 Bob can't wait to see it.
    8 Frank has a hangover.
    6 Only people in Europe celebrate this holiday.
    9 This holiday is over 500 years old.
    5 People often carve pumpkins for Halloween.
    1 John got a get-well card from Jane.
    3 All US Christmas customs originated in Britain.
    4 Banks and shops are open on New Year's Day in the UK.
    2 We'll be among the wedding guests.

    Frázové sloveso date back používame vtedy, ak chceme vyjadriť, kedy (v minulosti) niečo vzniklo, prípadne ako dlho to už existuje. Napr. The custom dates back to the 18th century. - Zvyk vznikol v 18. storočí.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    3 Malo by to byť takto ľahšie. It easier this way.
    5 Mohol si mi zavolať. You called me.
    7 Musela to vedieť. (určite to vedela) She must that.
    8 Auto má byť predané. The car be sold.
    6 Nemal si mu to hovoriť. You told him.
    10 Tak platí! Uvidíme sa tam. It's a ! you there!
    2 Nemal som na to čas. I time for that.
    9 Ako si sa mal? (až doteraz) How you been?
    4 Čo mám robiť? What to do?
    1 Nemusel si čakať. You to wait.

    Pre slovenské “Platí!” (dohodnuté) možno použiť tiež termín: Agreed!. Napr.: Are we agreed? - Platí?, Sme dohodnutí?

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slová, tvorte frázové slovesá.

    9 I don't smoke. I up smoking 2 years ago.
    2 Don't believe him. It's not true! He it all up.
    5 She and her boyfriend aren't together anymore. They up.
    6 He kept talking so she told him to up.
    3 She looks very sad. We should her up.
    1 He was supposed to come, but he didn't up.
    8 You're running late. You should up.
    10 You're driving too slowly. Can you up?
    4 Don't wait for me. Go ahead. I'll up with you later.
    7 My plane lands at 6 p.m. Can you me up at the airport?

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte vety o minulosti pomocou have. Využite pomôcky.

    2 Musel som sa zmýliť.
    must, be mistaken
    7 Muselo to byť drahé.
    must, expensive
    8 Nemal som to robiť.
    shouldn't, do that
    3 Mohlo to byť horšie.
    could, worse
    5 Bol by som tiež prišiel.
    would, come too
    4 Možno už si to videl.
    may, see
    1 Mal si mi to povedať.
    should, tell
    6 Možno mal pravdu.
    might, be right

    Frázu be supposed to i sloveso should takmer vždy do slovenčiny prekladáme ako mať - mal by (si) (niečo urobiť). Ich použitie je často veľmi podobné, ale should vyjadruje skôr všeobecné odporúčanie či vnútorný pocit povinnosti, zatiaľ čo be supposed to naznačuje, že sa niečo od niekoho očakáva (podľa istých pravidiel, zásad, predpokladov). Napr. I was supposed to be there at 8 a.m.! - Mal som tam byť o ôsmej ráno!, I should have done that before. - Mal som to urobiť už predtým.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte do viet opytovacie dôvetky.

    3 His parents know about it, ?
    8 They weren't angry, ?
    5 Jane told you, ?
    7 I don't have to go there, ?
    4 John can't drive, ?
    1 Your sister isn't married, ?
    9 I should call him, ?
    6 You'll be there too, ?
    10 I'm invited too, ?
    2 It won't be expensive, ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    9 I'm going/getting/running tired of it.
    2 Can you read it for me? I can't give/look/make it out.
    3 Don't blow/throw/turn it out. You might need it later.
    4 My car stopped because I ran/went/left out of petrol.
    10 Do you mind if I sit here? - I don't. Go along/ahead/on!
    1 He goes there seldom/regularly/hardly, usually every Sunday.
    5 I need to tip/shut/log on, but I forgot my password.
    6 She doesn't live here further/anymore/no longer.
    7 I don't want it. I've changed my idea/mind/like.
    8 Will he help us? - No, but we can do/make/be without his help.

    Ahead znamená vpred(u), predložka ahead of značí pred (miestne i časovo). Napr. ahead of schedule - pred termínom, ahead of time - s predstihom, vopred.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    3 Are you angry me for what I did?
    9 Did he die some disease? - No, he was just very old.
    1 What did you think the film? - I liked it.
    10 I don't have it me. I left it home.
    4 Thanks. It's so nice you.
    2 I won't comment that.
    7 What is this jacket made ? - I think it's cotton.
    8 Look them. There's no difference them.
    5 Don't worry. I'll take care it.
    6 Leave the computer . I'm going to check my e-mail.

    I have it on me. - Mám to pri sebe., I have it with me. - Mám to u seba.

    Exercise 17

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    • Preveďte vety do času uvedeného v pomôckach.

    10 They become independent. past simple
    8 I'm looking forward to it. present perfect continuous
    1 I cannot come. future simple
    9 That would help us. past simple
    3 I'll send it. present perfect
    2 You must wait. future simple
    7 You should know that. past simple
    5 We can ask him. past simple
    6 I'll ask him. present perfect
    4 We worked on it for days. present perfect continuous

    Pozor na použitie predložky: závislý od... prekladáme ako dependent ON..., ALE nezávislý od... je independent OF...! Napr. They are dependent on each other. ALE They are independent of their parents. - Sú nezávislí od rodičov.

    Exercise 18

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    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    9 Nevedel som to. - Ja tiež nie.
    14 Všetko najlepší (k narodeninám)!
    6 Nemal som tušenie.
    1 Tento sviatok sa slávi v USA.
    16 Platí!; Dohovorené!
    12 Mohlo to byť lepšie.
    3 Rozišli sme sa.
    5 Pôjdeme k moru.
    13 Ako dlho už tu čakáš?
    15 Nie je to ťažké, že nie?
    11 Mal si mi to povedať.
    8 Čo si o tom myslíš?
    4 Som pozvaný na svadbu.
    2 Ako si sa mal? (doteraz)
    7 Veľa z nich sú deti.
    10 Kiež by som mal viac času.

    Britský pudding zvyčajne nezodpovedá slovenskému pudingu. Ide skôr o pečený nákyp alebo všeobecne o múčnik či dezert. Napr.: What's for pudding? - Čo bude ako dezert? Slovenskému škrobovému pudingu asi najviac zodpovedá blancmange bləˈmɒnʒ alebo pudingový krém nazývaný custard ˈkʌstəd.

    Slovo stuffing (plnka) je odvodené od slovesa stuff stʌf - napchať (niečo niekam). Stuff je ale tiež bežný hovorový výraz pre veci či akúkoľvek hmotu.