Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    3 We used to live outside the city.
    1 Do you rent or own your home?
    7 We'll be repaying it for 20 years.
    13 I'll give you a tour of the house.
    5 We don't have enough savings to buy a house.
    14 Can you describe it in more detail?
    11 The rent went up by 30 per cent.
    4 They live in downtown Chicago.
    6 We had to take out a mortgage.
    10 Our landlord increased the rent.
    12 We moved in recently.
    8 They spent a lot of money on furniture.
    2 How long have you lived here?
    15 We'll have a barbecue in the backyard.
    9 They fell in love at first sight.

    Rooms to rent sú izby na prenájom a House for sale je dom na predaj.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte na otázky podľa úvodných článkov.

    3 Is it true that the Johnsons are both American by birth?
    9 Do the Johnsons want to have more children?
    10 Does Mrs Johnson like cooking?
    5 Did the Johnsons keep their old downtown apartment?
    7 Did the Johnsons live together before their marriage?
    8 Which room in the Johnsons' house has a balcony?
    4 How long has Mrs Johnson been married to Mr Johnson?
    2 How much has the landlord increased the rent?
    1 How many miles does he travel to work and back every day?
    6 How many cars can be parked in their garage?

    Idiom keep up with the Joneses možno preložiť ako “držať krok s ostatnými” alebo nenechať sa zahanbiť susedmi, teda snažiť sa mať za každú cenu všetko to, čo majú aj ľudia okolo. Fráza keep up with znamená držať krok s (ostatnými ap.)

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 I'm really bad at DIY.
    • 2 Is there an attic in your house?
    • 3 Do you have kids?
    • 4 Do you rent or own?
    • 5 I don't commute.
    • 6 We don't have enough savings.
    • 7 How long have you lived here?
    • 8 What does it look like?
    • g Can you describe it to me?
    • f We moved in only recently.
    • a We have a flat of our own.
    • b I work from home.
    • h No, but we have a large basement.
    • e No, but we want to start a family.
    • d We'll have to take out a mortgage.
    • c I can't repair anything.

    Skratka DIY pochádza zo spojenia do-it-yourself (urob to sám). Možno ju použiť aj ako prídavné meno. Napr.: DIY man je domáci majster.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 I can't go there tonight. Can you go there instead at/in/of me?
    10 Are you coming to the party? - No, I'm not in the sight/mood/case for it.
    3 There was no one else with him. He was all in/on/by himself.
    9 I paid 37 dollars instead of 31. They exchanged/overcharged/tipped me.
    6 I know that for true/sure/hard. I heard him saying that.
    4 They saved him at/of/from being homeless.
    2 We didn't get anything in/on/at return for our help.
    5 I'm afraid our bus is late. - No, it's on/at/in schedule.
    1 I didn't plan on meeting him. We met of/by/in accident.
    8 They don't have their own home. They live in suburbs/utilities/lodgings.

    We have people coming over. znamená: Má k nám niekto prísť., Budeme mať návštevu. ap. My friends are coming over. - Prídu ku mne kamaráti.

    Exercise 5

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    5 They'll be repaying their mortgage for more than 15 years.
    6 They bought a house which they liked at first sight.
    3 The home prices are higher now than they were 5 years ago.
    2 Mr Johnson is quite good at DIY.
    1 There's no front yard at the Johnsons' house.
    8 Up to eight people can eat in the kitchen.
    7 Guests can sleep on the second floor of their house.
    4 The Johnsons already have two kids.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte chýbajúcu časť prekladu.

    2 Majiteľ zvýšil nájom. The landlord has the rent.
    1 Bývame v nájme v malom byte. We a small flat.
    3 Býval som v podnájme. I lived in .
    8 Radi by si založili rodinu. They'd like to a family.
    6 Pracujem na pol úväzku z domu. I work from home.
    7 Je to trojizbový byt. It's a flat.
    4 Máme priestornú obývačku. We have a spacious room.
    5 Potrebujem vlastný pokoj. I need a room of my .

    Start znamená nielen začať, ale aj niečo založiť či rozbehnúť. Napr.: start a business - rozbehnúť podnikanie, He started a company. - Založil firmu.

    Exercise 7

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    • Prepíšte vety pomocou stiahnutých tvarov.

    1 How is your family? - your family?
    5 They had been there before. - been there before.
    8 I would love to see it. - love to see it.
    2 How has he been doing? - he been doing?
    3 He is really sorry. - really sorry.
    4 He has done a bad thing. - done a bad thing.
    7 I cannot tell you. He would be angry. - I tell you. be angry.
    6 You had better go now. - better go now.
    9 I would have come but I could not. - I come but I .

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slová.

    7 It must have cost/costed/costing a lot of money.
    6 I had it repaired. - How much did they cost/charge/price you for that?
    5 I'm sorry for not had/have/having replied before.
    4 We love water. We had a fence/lounge/pool built behind the house.
    1 I can't do anything. I'm powerless/powerful/powering.
    9 He has to go in/on/by car. He feels sick when travelling in/by/on the bus.
    10 Take the underground if you don't want to be stuck in a traffic ham/jam/yard.
    11 A one-room flat is usually called a lounge/studio/living apartment in American English.
    2 It can be very dangerous. You should be careless/cared/careful.
    3 How do you deal of/after/with commuting and traffic jams?
    8 You should book the tickets on/at/in advance.

    Be stuck znamená trčať, uviaznuť (nemôcť preč). Get stuck (zmena stavu) prekladáme ako zostať trčať. Napr.: I got stuck in jam. - Zostal som trčať v zápche.

    Exercise 9

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré znamenajú približne to isté.

    • 1 She's downstairs.
    • 2 She loves cooking.
    • 3 They don't live here anymore.
    • 4 Utility costs have gone up.
    • 5 Someone has to do it.
    • 6 They took out a mortgage.
    • 7 They live in lodgings.
    • 8 There's no garage in my house.
    • e It's more expensive to use the flat now.
    • b I have to park my car outside.
    • d It needs to be done.
    • h They've moved to another city.
    • a They borrowed money from a bank.
    • f She's in the kitchen all the time.
    • g She's on the ground floor.
    • c They pay for living in that room.

    Pozor!Požičať niečo niekomu je lend (something to somebody), ale (vy)požičať si niečo od niekoho je borrow (something from somebody). Napr.: Can you lend me your car? - Môžeš mi požičať auto? ALE Can I borrow your car? - Môžem si požičať tvoje auto? Sloveso lend má nepravidelné tvary: lent (PT) - lent (PP).

    Exercise 10

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    • Preveďte vety do budúceho priebehového času. Všímajte si analógiu časov.

    6 I'm feeling tired.
    1 I'll wait there.
    4 I won't stay.
    5 I was working on it.
    3 Who will do that?
    9 Who's looking after them?
    2 We were watching him.
    8 What were you wearing?
    10 I've been watching you.
    7 We were eating out.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu chýbajúce slová.

    5 I'm really glad to seen you.
    3 He's in the now taking a shower.
    2 There's a in our house because we like to sit by the fire.
    4 There's a high white around our back yard.
    6 We have a big dining table. It can be used by to 8 people.
    9 There'll be a double for me and my husband in the bedroom.
    1 He been watching TV since morning.
    8 There's a lot of for storing things in the basement.
    7 There's a fireplace and a TV in the room downstairs.

    Pozor na rozdielne termíny: double bed - manželská posteľ (dvojlôžko) ALE twin bed sú dve samostatné lôžka (na hotelovej izbe ap.) Twin twɪn znamená dvojča.

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte správne tvary slov z pomôcok.

    4 We've own the house for some 10 years.
    5 He's been read it for hours.
    8 She's be married to him for 10 years.
    1 You should've call me yesterday.
    6 We didn't have money so we have to take out a mortgage.
    2 I'd speak with him it before she arrived.
    3 I'd help her right now if she ask me.
    7 I'm glad to have see it.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte. Využite nápovedu.

    6 Budú vás očakávať.
    expect
    12 Je skoro nemožné nájsť dostupné bývanie.
    affordable
    13 Naúčtovali mi viac. (pri platení)
    overcharge
    11 Prevediem vás po dome.
    give, tour
    7 Bývajú v nájme v trojizbovom byte.
    two-bedroom flat
    2 Dole (v prízemí) je veľká obývačka.
    living room
    9 Potrebujú vlastné bývanie.
    home
    4 Utratili všetky svoje úspory.
    savings
    1 Okolo záhrady je vysoký plot.
    fence
    5 Radi sedia pri kozube.
    fireplace
    8 Domáci zvýšil nájom o 10 percent.
    increase
    10 Nechali si postaviť úplne nový dom.
    brand-new
    3 Nechali si postaviť bazén.
    pool

    Realtor je v americkej angličtine realitný maklér či prenesene realitka. Napr. We sold our home through a realtor. - Predali sme dom cez realitku. V Británii sa používa skôr termín estate agent ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənt resp. estate agency ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənsɪ.

    Exercise 14

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    • Prepíšte vety z britskej do americkej angličtiny.

    2 I've run out of petrol.
    12 He was hit by a lorry.
    8 We'll take the underground.
    6 We live on the second floor.
    4 I'll have chips.
    7 I've bought new trousers.
    9 I live in a block of flats.
    5 We'll watch a film.
    11 What's on at the cinema?
    3 I'm hungry, mum!
    10 I left it in the boot of my car.
    1 The bill please!

    Spojenie: be hit by sa bežne používa, ak niekoho zrazí vozidlo. Napr.: She was hit by a passing car. - Zrazilo ju prechádzajúce auto.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte vety tak, aby mali opačný význam. Tam, kde je to možné, použite odvodzovanie pomocou predpôn a prípon.

    5 It'll be painful. - It'll be .
    8 She's female. - He's .
    3 She looked happy. - She looked .
    7 He's powerful. - He's .
    2 They have a home. - They're .
    10 We met three Englishmen. - We met three .
    9 He became a waiter. - She became a .
    4 They were careful. - They were .
    6 Their names are known. - Their names are .
    1 She has children. - She's .

    Neighbourhood ˈneɪbəˌhud možno preložiť ako susedstvo, ale je to aj štvrť alebo časť mesta, kde niekto býva. Napr. in our neighbourhood - tam pri nás (kde bývame.) V americkej angličtine sa slovo píše neighborhood. Analogický pravopis má i slovo neighbor (v britskej angličtine neighbour.)

    Exercise 16

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    • Preložte.

    11 Bola to láska na prvý pohľad.
    9 Bývam tu už 5 rokov.
    2 Bývajú teraz mimo mesto.
    18 Mal si mi to povedať.
    8 To rád počujem.
    4 Každý deň dochádzam do práce.
    1 Presťahovali sa do nového domu.
    10 Bude musieť bývať v podnájme.
    3 Splnili sme si svoj sen.
    16 Zostal som trčať v zápche.
    17 Musel o tom vedieť.
    12 Zrazilo ho auto.
    7 Sťahujeme sa do iného mesta.
    13 Viete to iste?
    15 Stretli sme sa náhodou.
    14 Urobil som to omylom.
    6 Budem hore. (na poschodí)
    5 Vzali sme si hypotéku.

    Slovom landlord sa označuje človek, ktorý prenajíma nehnuteľnosť. Nájomník je naopak tenant ˈtεnənt. Nájom ako zmluvný vzťah je lease liːs.

    Sunbathe (opaľovať sa) doslova znamená “kúpať sa v slnku”: sun (slnko) + bathe beɪð (kúpať sa).