Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    9 They fell in love at first sight.
    4 They live in downtown Chicago.
    5 We don't have enough savings to buy a house.
    6 We had to take out a mortgage.
    10 Our landlord increased the rent.
    14 Can you describe it in more detail?
    1 Do you rent or own your home?
    8 They spent a lot of money on furniture.
    15 We'll have a barbecue in the backyard.
    2 How long have you lived here?
    7 We'll be repaying it for 20 years.
    12 We moved in recently.
    3 We used to live outside the city.
    13 I'll give you a tour of the house.
    11 The rent went up by 30 per cent.

    Rooms to rent sú izby na prenájom a House for sale je dom na predaj.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte na otázky podľa úvodných článkov.

    6 How many cars can be parked in their garage?
    3 Is it true that the Johnsons are both American by birth?
    7 Did the Johnsons live together before their marriage?
    2 How much has the landlord increased the rent?
    10 Does Mrs Johnson like cooking?
    5 Did the Johnsons keep their old downtown apartment?
    9 Do the Johnsons want to have more children?
    1 How many miles does he travel to work and back every day?
    4 How long has Mrs Johnson been married to Mr Johnson?
    8 Which room in the Johnsons' house has a balcony?

    Idiom keep up with the Joneses možno preložiť ako “držať krok s ostatnými” alebo nenechať sa zahanbiť susedmi, teda snažiť sa mať za každú cenu všetko to, čo majú aj ľudia okolo. Fráza keep up with znamená držať krok s (ostatnými ap.)

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 I'm really bad at DIY.
    • 2 Is there an attic in your house?
    • 3 Do you have kids?
    • 4 Do you rent or own?
    • 5 I don't commute.
    • 6 We don't have enough savings.
    • 7 How long have you lived here?
    • 8 What does it look like?
    • d We'll have to take out a mortgage.
    • b I work from home.
    • h No, but we have a large basement.
    • a We have a flat of our own.
    • f We moved in only recently.
    • e No, but we want to start a family.
    • c I can't repair anything.
    • g Can you describe it to me?

    Skratka DIY pochádza zo spojenia do-it-yourself (urob to sám). Možno ju použiť aj ako prídavné meno. Napr.: DIY man je domáci majster.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    9 I paid 37 dollars instead of 31. They exchanged/overcharged/tipped me.
    3 There was no one else with him. He was all in/on/by himself.
    4 They saved him at/of/from being homeless.
    5 I'm afraid our bus is late. - No, it's on/at/in schedule.
    10 Are you coming to the party? - No, I'm not in the sight/mood/case for it.
    8 They don't have their own home. They live in suburbs/utilities/lodgings.
    6 I know that for true/sure/hard. I heard him saying that.
    7 I can't go there tonight. Can you go there instead at/in/of me?
    2 We didn't get anything in/on/at return for our help.
    1 I didn't plan on meeting him. We met of/by/in accident.

    We have people coming over. znamená: Má k nám niekto prísť., Budeme mať návštevu. ap. My friends are coming over. - Prídu ku mne kamaráti.

    Exercise 5

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    2 Mr Johnson is quite good at DIY.
    5 They'll be repaying their mortgage for more than 15 years.
    1 There's no front yard at the Johnsons' house.
    6 They bought a house which they liked at first sight.
    7 Guests can sleep on the second floor of their house.
    8 Up to eight people can eat in the kitchen.
    4 The Johnsons already have two kids.
    3 The home prices are higher now than they were 5 years ago.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte chýbajúcu časť prekladu.

    1 Bývame v nájme v malom byte. We a small flat.
    3 Býval som v podnájme. I lived in .
    5 Potrebujem vlastný pokoj. I need a room of my .
    4 Máme priestornú obývačku. We have a spacious room.
    7 Je to trojizbový byt. It's a flat.
    2 Majiteľ zvýšil nájom. The landlord has the rent.
    8 Radi by si založili rodinu. They'd like to a family.
    6 Pracujem na pol úväzku z domu. I work from home.

    Start znamená nielen začať, ale aj niečo založiť či rozbehnúť. Napr.: start a business - rozbehnúť podnikanie, He started a company. - Založil firmu.

    Exercise 7

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    • Prepíšte vety pomocou stiahnutých tvarov.

    4 He has done a bad thing. - done a bad thing.
    3 He is really sorry. - really sorry.
    9 I would have come but I could not. - I come but I .
    5 They had been there before. - been there before.
    8 I would love to see it. - love to see it.
    2 How has he been doing? - he been doing?
    1 How is your family? - your family?
    7 I cannot tell you. He would be angry. - I tell you. be angry.
    6 You had better go now. - better go now.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slová.

    10 Take the underground if you don't want to be stuck in a traffic ham/jam/yard.
    8 You should book the tickets on/at/in advance.
    6 I had it repaired. - How much did they cost/charge/price you for that?
    9 He has to go in/on/by car. He feels sick when travelling in/by/on the bus.
    4 We love water. We had a fence/lounge/pool built behind the house.
    1 I can't do anything. I'm powerless/powerful/powering.
    11 A one-room flat is usually called a lounge/studio/living apartment in American English.
    5 I'm sorry for not had/have/having replied before.
    7 It must have cost/costed/costing a lot of money.
    3 How do you deal of/after/with commuting and traffic jams?
    2 It can be very dangerous. You should be careless/cared/careful.

    Be stuck znamená trčať, uviaznuť (nemôcť preč). Get stuck (zmena stavu) prekladáme ako zostať trčať. Napr.: I got stuck in jam. - Zostal som trčať v zápche.

    Exercise 9

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré znamenajú približne to isté.

    • 1 She's downstairs.
    • 2 She loves cooking.
    • 3 They don't live here anymore.
    • 4 Utility costs have gone up.
    • 5 Someone has to do it.
    • 6 They took out a mortgage.
    • 7 They live in lodgings.
    • 8 There's no garage in my house.
    • a They borrowed money from a bank.
    • g She's on the ground floor.
    • d It needs to be done.
    • h They've moved to another city.
    • b I have to park my car outside.
    • e It's more expensive to use the flat now.
    • c They pay for living in that room.
    • f She's in the kitchen all the time.

    Pozor!Požičať niečo niekomu je lend (something to somebody), ale (vy)požičať si niečo od niekoho je borrow (something from somebody). Napr.: Can you lend me your car? - Môžeš mi požičať auto? ALE Can I borrow your car? - Môžem si požičať tvoje auto? Sloveso lend má nepravidelné tvary: lent (PT) - lent (PP).

    Exercise 10

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    • Preveďte vety do budúceho priebehového času. Všímajte si analógiu časov.

    8 What were you wearing?
    10 I've been watching you.
    5 I was working on it.
    6 I'm feeling tired.
    2 We were watching him.
    3 Who will do that?
    1 I'll wait there.
    7 We were eating out.
    4 I won't stay.
    9 Who's looking after them?

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu chýbajúce slová.

    8 There's a lot of for storing things in the basement.
    3 He's in the now taking a shower.
    6 We have a big dining table. It can be used by to 8 people.
    5 I'm really glad to seen you.
    1 He been watching TV since morning.
    9 There'll be a double for me and my husband in the bedroom.
    7 There's a fireplace and a TV in the room downstairs.
    2 There's a in our house because we like to sit by the fire.
    4 There's a high white around our back yard.

    Pozor na rozdielne termíny: double bed - manželská posteľ (dvojlôžko) ALE twin bed sú dve samostatné lôžka (na hotelovej izbe ap.) Twin twɪn znamená dvojča.

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte správne tvary slov z pomôcok.

    2 I'd speak with him it before she arrived.
    1 You should've call me yesterday.
    5 He's been read it for hours.
    3 I'd help her right now if she ask me.
    8 She's be married to him for 10 years.
    4 We've own the house for some 10 years.
    7 I'm glad to have see it.
    6 We didn't have money so we have to take out a mortgage.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte. Využite nápovedu.

    1 Okolo záhrady je vysoký plot.
    fence
    4 Utratili všetky svoje úspory.
    savings
    11 Prevediem vás po dome.
    give, tour
    2 Dole (v prízemí) je veľká obývačka.
    living room
    10 Nechali si postaviť úplne nový dom.
    brand-new
    3 Nechali si postaviť bazén.
    pool
    5 Radi sedia pri kozube.
    fireplace
    9 Potrebujú vlastné bývanie.
    home
    7 Bývajú v nájme v trojizbovom byte.
    two-bedroom flat
    6 Budú vás očakávať.
    expect
    12 Je skoro nemožné nájsť dostupné bývanie.
    affordable
    13 Naúčtovali mi viac. (pri platení)
    overcharge
    8 Domáci zvýšil nájom o 10 percent.
    increase

    Realtor je v americkej angličtine realitný maklér či prenesene realitka. Napr. We sold our home through a realtor. - Predali sme dom cez realitku. V Británii sa používa skôr termín estate agent ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənt resp. estate agency ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənsɪ.

    Exercise 14

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    • Prepíšte vety z britskej do americkej angličtiny.

    6 We live on the second floor.
    10 I left it in the boot of my car.
    2 I've run out of petrol.
    11 What's on at the cinema?
    1 The bill please!
    3 I'm hungry, mum!
    8 We'll take the underground.
    12 He was hit by a lorry.
    4 I'll have chips.
    9 I live in a block of flats.
    5 We'll watch a film.
    7 I've bought new trousers.

    Spojenie: be hit by sa bežne používa, ak niekoho zrazí vozidlo. Napr.: She was hit by a passing car. - Zrazilo ju prechádzajúce auto.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte vety tak, aby mali opačný význam. Tam, kde je to možné, použite odvodzovanie pomocou predpôn a prípon.

    6 Their names are known. - Their names are .
    5 It'll be painful. - It'll be .
    3 She looked happy. - She looked .
    2 They have a home. - They're .
    8 She's female. - He's .
    7 He's powerful. - He's .
    9 He became a waiter. - She became a .
    1 She has children. - She's .
    10 We met three Englishmen. - We met three .
    4 They were careful. - They were .

    Neighbourhood ˈneɪbəˌhud možno preložiť ako susedstvo, ale je to aj štvrť alebo časť mesta, kde niekto býva. Napr. in our neighbourhood - tam pri nás (kde bývame.) V americkej angličtine sa slovo píše neighborhood. Analogický pravopis má i slovo neighbor (v britskej angličtine neighbour.)

    Exercise 16

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    • Preložte.

    7 Sťahujeme sa do iného mesta.
    10 Bude musieť bývať v podnájme.
    5 Vzali sme si hypotéku.
    4 Každý deň dochádzam do práce.
    3 Splnili sme si svoj sen.
    6 Budem hore. (na poschodí)
    9 Bývam tu už 5 rokov.
    8 To rád počujem.
    1 Presťahovali sa do nového domu.
    17 Musel o tom vedieť.
    18 Mal si mi to povedať.
    2 Bývajú teraz mimo mesto.
    11 Bola to láska na prvý pohľad.
    16 Zostal som trčať v zápche.
    12 Zrazilo ho auto.
    13 Viete to iste?
    15 Stretli sme sa náhodou.
    14 Urobil som to omylom.

    Slovom landlord sa označuje človek, ktorý prenajíma nehnuteľnosť. Nájomník je naopak tenant ˈtεnənt. Nájom ako zmluvný vzťah je lease liːs.

    Sunbathe (opaľovať sa) doslova znamená “kúpať sa v slnku”: sun (slnko) + bathe beɪð (kúpať sa).